Alhawiti Naif M, Elsokkary Emadeldin M, Aldali Jehad A, Alotaibi Badi A
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 9;15(1):12114. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-95305-2.
Stroke is a sudden neurological decline caused by cerebrovascular diseases or impaired blood circulation. Research investigating the connection between glycated hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels and stroke severity is limited. This study examined the connection between HbA1c levels and stroke severity in patients with acute ischemic stroke. A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of the medical records of 1103 patients with acute ischemic stroke from January 2020 to January 2024 was conducted. Patients were divided into seven groups on the basis of their HbA1c levels. Stroke severity within these groups was assessed via the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), with the aim of identifying correlations between stroke severity and glycemic status. This study examined the impact of various HbA1c levels on a range of demographic and clinical characteristics in stroke patients. The patients were grouped into seven categories on the basis of their HbA1c levels, and characteristics such as age; body mass index (BMI); LDL, HDL, and creatinine levels; and NIHSS scores at hospital admission were compared across these groups. Significant differences were observed in age, LDL levels (F = 3.999, P < 0.001), and creatinine levels (F = 1.303, P = 0.253) among the HbA1c categories. However, there were no significant differences in BMI, HDL levels, or length of hospital stay. A positive correlation was found between HbA1c levels and NIHSS scores, indicating that higher HbA1c levels are associated with greater stroke severity. This study revealed that the risk of severe stroke increases significantly when HbA1c levels exceed 6.5%. In contrast, maintaining HbA1c levels below 6.5% is linked to a reduced risk of severe stroke and lower mortality. Additionally, older adults are at greater risk and tend to experience more severe strokes.
中风是由脑血管疾病或血液循环受损引起的突发性神经功能衰退。关于糖化血红蛋白A1c（HbA1c）水平与中风严重程度之间联系的研究有限。本研究探讨了急性缺血性中风患者HbA1c水平与中风严重程度之间的联系。对2020年1月至2024年1月期间1103例急性缺血性中风患者的病历进行了回顾性横断面分析。根据患者的HbA1c水平将其分为七组。通过美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表（NIHSS）评估这些组内的中风严重程度，目的是确定中风严重程度与血糖状态之间的相关性。本研究考察了不同HbA1c水平对中风患者一系列人口统计学和临床特征的影响。根据患者的HbA1c水平将其分为七类，并比较这些组之间的年龄、体重指数（BMI）、低密度脂蛋白、高密度脂蛋白和肌酐水平以及入院时的NIHSS评分等特征。在HbA1c类别之间，年龄、低密度脂蛋白水平（F = 3.999，P < 0.001）和肌酐水平（F = 1.303，P = 0.253）存在显著差异。然而，BMI、高密度脂蛋白水平或住院时间没有显著差异。发现HbA1c水平与NIHSS评分呈正相关，表明较高的HbA1c水平与更严重的中风严重程度相关。本研究表明，当HbA1c水平超过6.5%时，严重中风的风险显著增加。相比之下，将HbA1c水平维持在6.5%以下与严重中风风险降低和死亡率降低相关。此外，老年人风险更大，往往经历更严重的中风。
