Liu Jiangfeng, Guo Li, Zhong Jingchuan, Wu Yue, Wang Xinming, Tang Xiaoyue, Min Kaiyuan, Yang Yehong, Peng Wanjun, Wang Qiaochu, Ding Tao, Gu Xiaoying, Zhang Hui, Liu Ying, Huang Chaolin, Cao Bin, Wang Jianwei, Ren Lili, Yang Juntao
Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Tianjin, China.
State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major Diseases, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
J Med Virol. 2025 Apr;97(4):e70203. doi: 10.1002/jmv.70203.
After the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, the postacute effects of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection have gradually attracted attention. To precisely evaluate the health status of convalescent patients with COVID-19, we analyzed symptom and proteome data of 442 plasma samples from healthy controls, hospitalized patients, and convalescent patients 6 or 12 months after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Symptoms analysis revealed distinct relationships in convalescent patients. Results of plasma protein expression levels showed that C1QA, C1QB, C2, CFH, CFHR1, and F10, which regulate the complement system and coagulation, remained highly expressed even at the 12-month follow-up compared with their levels in healthy individuals. By combining symptom and proteome data, 442 plasma samples were categorized into three subtypes: S1 (metabolism-healthy), S2 (COVID-19 retention), and S3 (long COVID). We speculated that convalescent patients reporting hair loss could have a better health status than those experiencing headaches and dyspnea. Compared to other convalescent patients, those reporting sleep disorders, appetite decrease, and muscle weakness may need more attention because they were classified into the S2 subtype, which had the most samples from hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Subtyping convalescent patients with COVID-19 may enable personalized treatments tailored to individual needs. This study provides valuable plasma proteomic datasets for further studies associated with long COVID.
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）大流行之后，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染的急性后效应逐渐引起关注。为了精确评估COVID-19康复患者的健康状况，我们分析了来自健康对照、住院患者以及SARS-CoV-2感染后6个月或12个月的康复患者的442份血浆样本的症状和蛋白质组数据。症状分析揭示了康复患者中存在的不同关系。血浆蛋白表达水平结果显示，调节补体系统和凝血的C1QA、C1QB、C2、CFH、CFHR1和F10，即使在12个月随访时与健康个体相比仍高表达。通过结合症状和蛋白质组数据，442份血浆样本被分为三个亚型：S1（代谢健康型）、S2（COVID-19残留型）和S3（长期COVID型）。我们推测，报告脱发的康复患者可能比经历头痛和呼吸困难的患者健康状况更好。与其他康复患者相比，那些报告睡眠障碍、食欲下降和肌肉无力的患者可能需要更多关注，因为他们被归类为S2亚型，该亚型中有最多来自COVID-19住院患者的样本。对COVID-19康复患者进行亚型分类可能有助于实现针对个体需求的个性化治疗。本研究为与长期COVID相关的进一步研究提供了有价值的血浆蛋白质组数据集。
