Africa Amber Justine, Setati Mathabatha Evodia, Hitzeroth Arina Corli, Blancquaert Erna Hailey
South African Grape and Wine Research Institute (SAGWRI), Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, S, 7602, South Africa.
Institute for Microbial Biotechnology and Metagenomics, Department of Biotechnology, The University of the Western Cape, Bellville, 7535, South Africa.
Food Microbiol. 2025 Sep;130:104780. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2025.104780. Epub 2025 Mar 25.
Microbial communities associated with the grapevine phyllosphere and carposhere are a fundamental determinant of grape and wine quality. High throughput amplicon sequencing was used to profile the fungal and bacterial communities on the associated phylloplane and carposphere of Vitis vinifera L. cv's Chardonnay and Pinot noir in the Elgin and Hemel-en-Aarde wine districts of South Africa in the 2021-2022 growing season. The subsequent grape must was analysed to determine the prevalent microbiome. The most abundant bacterial and fungal genera found in both the phylloplane and carposphere of Chardonnay and Pinot noir were Pseudomonas and Filobasidium. The LEfSe (Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size) revealed significant differences in fungal and bacterial biomarkers from leaf, berry and grape must samples; however, no biomarkers were identified for cultivar nor location. Fungal β-diversity was significantly similar at different phenological stages, whereas bacterial β-diversity was significantly similar regardless of the site of colonisation. However, skin integrity of the grapes was may have influenced the microbial diversity.
与葡萄叶际和果实相关的微生物群落是葡萄和葡萄酒品质的一个基本决定因素。在2021 - 2022年生长季节，利用高通量扩增子测序对南非埃尔金和赫梅尔-恩-阿arde葡萄酒产区的霞多丽和黑皮诺葡萄的相关叶表面和果实上的真菌和细菌群落进行了分析。随后对葡萄汁进行分析以确定其主要微生物群落。在霞多丽和黑皮诺的叶表面和果实中发现的最丰富的细菌和真菌属分别是假单胞菌属和丝孢酵母属。线性判别分析效应大小（LEfSe）显示，叶、浆果和葡萄汁样品中的真菌和细菌生物标志物存在显著差异；然而，未鉴定出与品种或产地相关的生物标志物。真菌的β多样性在不同物候阶段显著相似，而细菌的β多样性无论在定殖部位如何都显著相似。然而，葡萄的果皮完整性可能影响了微生物多样性。
