A Rare Case of Xanthogranulomatous Osteomyelitis of Radius Presenting as Pathological Fracture - A Case Report.

INTRODUCTION

Xanthogranulomatous inflammation is a specific form of chronic inflammatory disease histologically characterized by collection of foamy macrophages along with polymorphonuclear leukocytes, activated plasma cells, and lymphocytes of polyclonal origin, in a mosaic-like pattern. The involvement of xanthogranulomatous inflammation of the bone is termed as xanthogranulomatous osteomyelitis (XO). It often presents as a mass-like lesion extending into adjacent structures and so radiological features have little role in pointing to a diagnosis. Definitive diagnosis can only be made by histopathological examination.

CASE REPORT

This report describes a case of 62-year-old male patient who sustained a pathological fracture of shaft of radius which on evaluation, was diagnosed as XO, its management and 2- year follow-up results. This case report highlights a rare cause of pathological fracture, that is, XO.

CONCLUSION

Clinical examination and radiology have little role in the diagnosis of the condition. Definitive diagnosis is achieved by histopathological examination and the disease has a good prognosis.