Kolomar Hugh, Osman Alaa, Arias Blanco Lizeth Valeria, Ali Alotaibi Fay, Flores Del Valle Irlanda Lince, Mohammed Saacha F, Singh Shreya, Algitagi Farah, Marroquín León Esaúl
Immunology, Nis University, Nis, SRB.
Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, LBN.
Cureus. 2025 Mar 11;17(3):e80387. doi: 10.7759/cureus.80387. eCollection 2025 Mar.
This narrative review aims to assess the influence of hormonal balance during the menstrual cycle and pregnancy on the severity of epileptic seizures. Hormonal fluctuations, particularly in estrogen and progesterone levels, significantly influence neuronal excitability and seizure thresholds, with estrogen generally enhancing excitatory activity and progesterone providing a stabilizing effect. These hormonal variations are particularly evident in conditions like catamenial epilepsy, where seizure frequency corresponds to specific phases of the menstrual cycle. Pregnancy adds further complexity, as shifts in hormonal dominance can lead to variable effects on seizure patterns. Understanding these interactions is crucial for developing tailored management strategies to improve outcomes for women with epilepsy during their reproductive years. This review consolidates existing knowledge and highlights areas where further research is needed to address clinical challenges and optimize care.
本叙述性综述旨在评估月经周期和孕期激素平衡对癫痫发作严重程度的影响。激素波动，尤其是雌激素和孕激素水平的波动，会显著影响神经元兴奋性和癫痫发作阈值，雌激素通常会增强兴奋性活动，而孕激素则具有稳定作用。这些激素变化在经期性癫痫等病症中尤为明显，癫痫发作频率与月经周期的特定阶段相对应。怀孕使情况更加复杂，因为激素优势的变化会对癫痫发作模式产生不同影响。了解这些相互作用对于制定针对性的管理策略以改善育龄期癫痫女性的治疗效果至关重要。本综述整合了现有知识，并突出了为应对临床挑战和优化护理仍需进一步研究的领域。
