一项针对健康成年人钠和钾调节的基于信息通信技术干预措施的随机临床试验。
A Randomized Clinical Trial of ICT-based Interventions for Sodium and Potassium Regulation in Healthy Adults.
作者信息
Yano Yuichiro, Kitaoka Kaori, Ohkubo Takayoshi, Okamura Tomonori, Kanegae Hiroshi, Yoshita Katsushi, Tsukinoki Rumi, Okami Yukiko, Node Koichi, Rakugi Hiromi, Itoh Hiroshi, Miura Katsuyuki
机构信息
Department of Advanced Epidemiology, NCD Epidemiology Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan.
Department of General Medicine, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
出版信息
Am J Hypertens. 2025 Jul 15;38(8):588-594. doi: 10.1093/ajh/hpaf049.
BACKGROUND
There is limited knowledge regarding effective strategies, including information and communication technology (ICT)-based interventions, to reduce sodium intake and increase potassium intake in healthy individuals.
METHODS
We conducted a 3-month randomized controlled trial involving healthy adult employees with spot urine sodium-to-potassium ratios (spot UNa/UK) ≥4.0 or estimated 24-hour salt intake ≥10g. Estimated 24-hour UNa and UK were calculated using the Tanaka formula. Participants were assigned to one of four groups: (i) online education, where participants monitored their spot UNa/UK and received feedback from dieticians (n = 84); (ii) messaging, with similar self-monitoring and dietician messages (n = 84); (iii) self-learning, provided with an educational leaflet (n = 87); and (iv) a control group (n = 87). The primary outcome was the change in spot UNa/UK ratios, and secondary outcomes included changes in estimated 24-hour UNa and UK. The trial protocol specified a hierarchical order for testing the interventions, anticipating the highest efficacy in the online education group.
RESULTS
After the intervention, the online education group showed a decrease in spot UNa/UK ratios (mean -0.9 (95% CI: -1.8 to 0.0), P = 0.052) compared to the control group. The increase in estimated 24-hour UK excretion was larger in online education compared to the control group (mean + 2.5 mmol/day (95% CI: -0.3 to 5.3), P = 0.085). The difference in estimated 24-hour UNa excretion between the online education and control groups was -4.3 mmol/day (95% CI: -15.5 to 6.9, P = 0.45).
CONCLUSIONS
Combining self-monitoring of sodium and potassium intake with ICT-based interventions, including online nutritional education, was associated with a modest reduction in the estimated ratios of sodium and potassium intake in healthy individuals.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
Japan Registry of Clinical Trials; 1032210217, https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCT1032210217.
背景
关于有效策略，包括基于信息通信技术（ICT）的干预措施，以减少健康个体的钠摄入量并增加钾摄入量，目前所知有限。
方法
我们进行了一项为期3个月的随机对照试验，纳入了随机尿钠钾比（随机UNa/UK）≥4.0或估计24小时盐摄入量≥10g的健康成年员工。使用田中公式计算估计的24小时UNa和UK。参与者被分配到四组之一：（i）在线教育组，参与者监测其随机UNa/UK并接收营养师的反馈（n = 84）；（ii）信息推送组，进行类似的自我监测并接收营养师信息（n = 84）；（iii）自学组，提供一份教育传单（n = 87）；以及（iv）对照组（n = 87）。主要结局是随机UNa/UK比值的变化，次要结局包括估计的24小时UNa和UK的变化。试验方案规定了测试干预措施的分层顺序，预期在线教育组的疗效最高。
结果
干预后，与对照组相比，在线教育组的随机UNa/UK比值有所下降（平均-0.9（95%CI：-1.8至0.0），P = 0.052）。与对照组相比，在线教育组估计的24小时UK排泄量增加更大（平均+2.5 mmol/天（95%CI：-0.3至5.3），P = 0.085）。在线教育组和对照组之间估计的24小时UNa排泄量差异为-4.3 mmol/天（95%CI：-15.5至6.9，P = 0.45）。
结论
将钠和钾摄入量的自我监测与基于ICT的干预措施（包括在线营养教育）相结合，与健康个体中估计的钠钾摄入比值适度降低有关。
临床试验注册
日本临床试验注册中心；1032210217，https://jrct.niph.go.jp/en-latest-detail/jRCT1032210217 。
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