Fletcher S G
J Speech Hear Disord. 1985 Aug;50(3):254-61. doi: 10.1044/jshd.5003.254.
The aim of this study was to identify maneuvers and strategies that enabled an adult speaker to produce "pressure" consonants intelligibly despite an open cleft of the palate. Dynamic palatometry indicated that this was achieved in part by increasing linguapalatal contact in stop sound production and narrowing the linguapalatal groove in sibilant sound production. These adaptations apparently enabled the talker to compensate for reduced air supply in a manner similar to that identified previously in responses of subjects with esophageal speech. Oral motor skill was examined in a nonspeech task that involved tongue tip placement at six points along the palate with and without visual feedback. This revealed precise control of the tongue even in the region of the cleft. Less accurate tongue placement skills were found in the central palatal region despite intactness of the palate. This supports the hypothesis that phonetic inventories of human languages are shaped by oral motor capabilities.
本研究的目的是确定一些动作和策略，这些动作和策略能使成年说话者尽管存在开放性腭裂，仍能清晰地发出“爆破音”。动态腭测量表明，这在一定程度上是通过在发塞音时增加舌腭接触以及在发咝音时缩小舌腭沟来实现的。这些适应性变化显然使说话者能够以类似于先前在食管言语受试者的反应中所确定的方式来补偿空气供应的减少。在一项非言语任务中检查了口腔运动技能，该任务涉及在有和没有视觉反馈的情况下，将舌尖放置在腭部的六个点上。这表明即使在腭裂区域，舌头也能得到精确控制。尽管腭部完好无损，但在腭中部区域发现舌头放置技能不太准确。这支持了人类语言的语音清单是由口腔运动能力塑造的这一假设。
