Ao Yali, Wang Li, Yang Lin, Duan Chengjie, Gui Qizhe, Cui Songyun, Yuan Shutang, Wang Jiaqiang
School of Materials and Energy, Institute of International Rivers and Eco-Security, Yunnan Province Innovation Center for New Materials and Equipment Technology in Water Pollution Control, Yunnan Frontier Water Environment Industry Research Institute, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
Kunming Branch of Yunnan Hydrology and Water Resources Bureau, Dianchi Lake Ecosystem Observation and Research Station of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650032, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2025 Mar 27;15(7):504. doi: 10.3390/nano15070504.
Solar steam generation (SSG) has garnered significant attention for its potential in water purification applications. While composites with physically combined structures based on semiconductors or biomass have been developed for SSG, there remains a critical need for low-cost, high-efficiency devices. In this study, TiO composites exhibiting excellent stability, high solar absorption, porous microstructure, and hydrophilic surfaces were identified as effective materials for SSG and water purification for the first time. A novel SSG device was designed by decorating TiO onto three-dimensional carbonized Osmanthus fragrans leaves (TiO/carbonized OFL). Compared to directly carbonized OFL (without TiO) and Osmanthus fragrans leaves with templated TiO (OFL-templated TiO), the TiO/carbonized OFL carbon composites demonstrated enhanced solar absorption, achieving over 99% in the visible region and more than 80% in the near-infrared region. Under solar illumination of 1 kW·m, the TiO/carbonized OFL device achieved a high water evaporation rate of 2.31 kg·m·h, which is 1.6 times higher than that of carbonized OFL and 3.45 times higher than OFL-templated TiO. Additionally, the TiO/carbonized OFL system exhibited remarkable efficiency in treating pharmaceutical wastewater, with a chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency of 98.9% and an ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency of 90.8% under solar radiation.
太阳能蒸汽产生（SSG）因其在水净化应用中的潜力而备受关注。虽然已经开发出基于半导体或生物质的具有物理组合结构的复合材料用于SSG，但仍然迫切需要低成本、高效率的装置。在本研究中，首次确定了具有优异稳定性、高太阳能吸收率、多孔微观结构和亲水表面的TiO复合材料是用于SSG和水净化的有效材料。通过将TiO装饰在三维碳化桂花叶（TiO/碳化OFL）上设计了一种新型的SSG装置。与直接碳化的OFL（不含TiO）和具有模板化TiO的桂花叶（OFL-模板化TiO）相比，TiO/碳化OFL碳复合材料表现出增强的太阳能吸收，在可见光区域达到99%以上，在近红外区域超过80%。在1 kW·m的太阳光照下，TiO/碳化OFL装置实现了2.31 kg·m·h的高水蒸发速率，分别是碳化OFL的1.6倍和OFL-模板化TiO的3.45倍。此外，TiO/碳化OFL系统在处理制药废水方面表现出显著的效率，在太阳辐射下化学需氧量（COD）去除效率为98.9%，氨氮去除效率为90.8%。
