Spyroglou Ariadni, Violetis Odysseas, Iliakopoulos Konstantinos, Vezakis Antonios, Alexandraki Krystallenia
2nd Department of Surgery, Aretaieio Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Vas. Sofias 76, 11528, Athens, Greece.
Curr Oncol Rep. 2025 May;27(5):642-655. doi: 10.1007/s11912-025-01668-0. Epub 2025 Apr 11.
Mesenteric fibrosis (MF) is a hallmark of small intestinal neuroendocrine neoplasms (SI-NEN) and is frequently associated with significant morbidity due to related complications such as intestinal obstruction, ischemia, and cachexia.
Herein we performed a systematic review to discuss the development of MF in SI-NEN. The pathophysiological mechanisms acknowledged as causative for the development of MF include the major components of the tumor microenvironment, such as fibroblasts, endothelial and immune cells and the extracellular matrix, which are involved in a complex interplay activating several signaling pathways that promote profibrotic factors and induce both a desmoplastic reaction and tumor proliferation. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment, while several medical management options of MF complicating SI-NEN available present rather limited efficacy. MF is a frequent characteristic of SI-NEN that requires particular attention and targeted management to avoid complications.
肠系膜纤维化（MF）是小肠神经内分泌肿瘤（SI-NEN）的一个标志，并且由于肠梗阻、缺血和恶病质等相关并发症，常伴有严重的发病率。
在此，我们进行了一项系统综述，以讨论SI-NEN中MF的发展。被认为是MF发展病因的病理生理机制包括肿瘤微环境的主要成分，如成纤维细胞、内皮细胞和免疫细胞以及细胞外基质，它们参与复杂的相互作用，激活多种信号通路，促进促纤维化因子的产生，并诱导促结缔组织增生反应和肿瘤增殖。手术仍然是主要的治疗方法，而目前针对SI-NEN并发MF的几种药物治疗选择疗效相当有限。MF是SI-NEN的一个常见特征，需要特别关注和针对性管理以避免并发症。
