Dotaniya M L, Meena M D, Choudhary R L, Meena M K, Meena V D, Singh H V, Jat R S, Bhardwaj N R, Rai P K
ICAR-Indian Institute of Rapeseed- Mustard Research, Bharatpur, 321303, India.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2025 Apr 11;114(4):62. doi: 10.1007/s00128-025-04041-w.
Excessive salt in soil limits the availability of plant nutrients during crop growth period. Addition of organic sources may reduce the intensity of salt by acting as the absorption mechanism during mineralization. In this, hypothesis, a field experiment was conducted with nine organic (farm yard manure-FYM, pressmud-PM, vermicompost-VC) treatments combinations (T-control, T-RDF, T-RDF + FYM 10 t/ha, T-RDF + FYM 2.5 t/ha + PM 2.5 t/ha, T-RDF + FYM 5 t/ha + PM 5 t/ha, T-RDF + PM 2.5 t/ha + VC 2.5 t/ha, T-RDF + PM 5 t/ha + VC 5 t/ha, T-RDF + FYM 1.25 t/ha + PM 2.5 t/ha + VC 1.25 t/ha, T-RDF + FYM 2.5 t/ha + PM 5 t/ha + VC 2.5 t/ha). Mustard crop was raised with recommended packages and practices in saline soil. Rhizospheric samples were collected and analyzed for soil microbial population (bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes) and enzymatic activities (alkaline phosphatase, dehydrogenase activity-DHA, aryl sulphates). Analytical result showed that addition of 10 t/ha by the combination of FYM (2.5 t/ha), PM (5 t/ha) and VC (2.5 t/ha) measured highest population 148.4 × 10 CFU/g, 15.3 × 10, 28.01 × 10 of bacterial, fungi and actinomycetes, respectively. Similarly, soil enzymatic activities alkaline phosphatase (210.7 µg PNP /g soil/h), DHA (92.7 µg TPF/g soil/h) and aryl sulphatase (54.4 µg PNP /g soil/h) were also found highest in T9 treatment (RDF + FYM 2.5 t/ha + PM 5 t/ha + VC 2.5 t/ha). In this experiment the type of organic source and application levels were directly influenced by the microbial population and enzymatic activities in soil. This study is very useful for improving the microbial population and plant nutrient availability under saline soils for improving mustard crop yield.
土壤中盐分过多会限制作物生长期间植物养分的有效性。添加有机源可能通过在矿化过程中作为吸收机制来降低盐分浓度。基于此假设，进行了一项田间试验，设置了九种有机（农家肥-FYM、滤泥-PM、蚯蚓堆肥-VC）处理组合（T-对照、T-推荐剂量化肥、T-推荐剂量化肥+10吨/公顷FYM、T-推荐剂量化肥+2.5吨/公顷FYM+2.5吨/公顷PM、T-推荐剂量化肥+5吨/公顷FYM+5吨/公顷PM、T-推荐剂量化肥+2.5吨/公顷PM+2.5吨/公顷VC、T-推荐剂量化肥+5吨/公顷PM+5吨/公顷VC、T-推荐剂量化肥+1.25吨/公顷FYM+2.5吨/公顷PM+1.25吨/公顷VC、T-推荐剂量化肥+2.5吨/公顷FYM+5吨/公顷PM+2.5吨/公顷VC）。在盐渍土中按照推荐的套餐和做法种植芥菜作物。采集根际样品并分析土壤微生物种群（细菌、真菌和放线菌）及酶活性（碱性磷酸酶、脱氢酶活性-DHA、芳基硫酸酯酶）。分析结果表明，由2.5吨/公顷FYM、5吨/公顷PM和2.5吨/公顷VC组合添加10吨/公顷时，细菌、真菌和放线菌的数量分别达到最高，为148.4×10 CFU/g、15.3×10、28.01×10。同样，在T9处理（推荐剂量化肥+2.5吨/公顷FYM+5吨/公顷PM+2.5吨/公顷VC）中，土壤酶活性碱性磷酸酶（210.7µg对硝基苯酚/g土壤/小时）、DHA（92.7µg三苯基甲臜/g土壤/小时）和芳基硫酸酯酶（54.4µg对硝基苯酚/g土壤/小时）也最高。在本试验中，有机源类型和施用量直接影响土壤中的微生物种群和酶活性。本研究对于提高盐渍土条件下的微生物种群数量和植物养分有效性以提高芥菜作物产量非常有用。
