ICAR-Directorate of Rapeseed- Mustard Research, Bharatpur, India.
Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, SKRAU, Bikaner, India.
PLoS One. 2023 Aug 9;18(8):e0288784. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288784. eCollection 2023.
An incubation experiment was conducted to monitor the effect of different organic matter inputs with the graded application of gypsum at different time intervals on soil pH, sodium (Na) content and available plant nutrients like nitrogen (N) and sulphur (S) in alkaline soil. The experiment was formulated with nine treatments, i.e. control (T1), recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) (T2), RDF+Gyp1 (T3), RDF+FYM5+Gyp2 (T4), RDF+FYM10+Gyp1 (T5), RDF+PM5+Gyp2 (T6), RDF+PM10+Gyp1 (T7), RDF+FYM2.5+PM2.5+Gyp2 (T8), RDF+FYM5+PM5+Gyp1 (T9) with three replications. Periodical soil samples were taken at six and twelve months intervals. Results showed that the addition of organic matter reduced the pH and Na content in the soil. More reduction was observed at one year period as compared to six months. The addition of farmyard manure (FYM) and pressmud (PM) at 10 t/ha with gypsum (1 t/ha) improved available N and available S content as compared to organic inputs (5 t/ha) with gypsum (2 t/ha) in soil. Pressmud application with FYM showed better availability of plant nutrients and a reduction of soil pH (8.39 to 7.79) and Na content from 626 to 391 mEq/L in the soil during the incubation period. During the study, the application of treatment T9 (FYM and PM in equal ratio with 1 t/ha gypsum) showed a better availability of available N (175 to 235 kg/ha) and S (15.44 to 23.24 kg/ha) and reduced the active ion concentration of Na. This study is very useful for the management of sodium toxicity, improving soil health and the mineralization rate of organic matter through the application of organic inputs for sustainable crop production.
进行了一项孵化实验，以监测在不同时间间隔以不同梯度施用石膏时，不同有机物输入对碱性土壤的土壤 pH 值、钠（Na）含量和有效植物养分（如氮（N）和硫（S））的影响。该实验采用 9 种处理方案，即对照（T1）、推荐施肥量（RDF）（T2）、RDF+Gyp1（T3）、RDF+FYM5+Gyp2（T4）、RDF+FYM10+Gyp1（T5）、RDF+PM5+Gyp2（T6）、RDF+PM10+Gyp1（T7）、RDF+FYM2.5+PM2.5+Gyp2（T8）、RDF+FYM5+PM5+Gyp1（T9），每个处理方案重复 3 次。每隔 6 个月和 12 个月取一次土壤样品。结果表明，添加有机物可降低土壤的 pH 值和 Na 含量。与 6 个月相比，一年后观察到的减少更多。与在土壤中添加 2 吨/公顷的石膏（2 吨/公顷）相比，添加 10 吨/公顷的堆肥（FYM）和压泥（PM）和 1 吨/公顷的石膏（1 吨/公顷）可提高土壤中有效 N 和有效 S 的含量。在孵化期间，与在土壤中添加 5 吨/公顷的有机物（2 吨/公顷的石膏）相比，压泥与堆肥一起施用可更好地提供植物养分，并降低土壤 pH 值（从 8.39 降低至 7.79）和 Na 含量（从 626 降低至 391 mEq/L）。在研究期间，处理 T9（堆肥和压泥以 1 吨/公顷石膏的比例施用）显示出更好的有效 N（175 至 235 千克/公顷）和 S（15.44 至 23.24 千克/公顷）的有效性，并降低了活性离子 Na 的浓度。这项研究对于管理钠毒性、改善土壤健康和通过施用有机投入物提高有机质的矿化率以实现可持续作物生产非常有用。
