Taylor Rachael W, Haszard Jillian J, Meredith-Jones Kim A, Azeem Anita A, Galland Barbara C, Heath Anne-Louise M, Taylor Barry J, Healey Dione
Department of Medicine, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Biostatistics Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
J Act Sedentary Sleep Behav. 2023 Jan 3;2(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s44167-022-00011-3.
Good quality sleep, regular physical activity, and limited time spent sedentary are all considered individually important in promoting good mental health in children. However, few studies have examined the influence of each behaviour simultaneously, using compositional analysis which accounts for the closed nature of the 24-h day. Our aim was to determine how compositional time use in early childhood is prospectively related to mental and psychosocial health at 5 years of age.
A total of 392 children wore Actical accelerometers 24-h a day for one week at 2, 3.5 and 5 years of age to examine time in sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behaviour. Psychosocial and mental health were assessed at age 5 using both laboratory based (researcher-assessed) and questionnaire (parental-report) measures. Associations were estimated using regression models with isometric log-ratios of time-use components as predictors.
Cross-sectionally, 5-year old children who spent 10% (64 min) more time asleep than average had better inhibitory control (standardised mean difference [d]; 0.19; 95% confidence interal [CI]: 0.02, 0.36 for Statue test and d = 0.16; 95% CI: - 0.01, 0.33 for Heads-Toes-Knees-Shoulders task). A greater proportion of time spent active (10%, 31 min) was associated with poorer inhibitory control (d = - 0.07; 95% CI: - 0.13, - 0.02 for Statue test, d = - 0.06; 95% CI: - 0.11, - 0.01 for Heads-Toes-Knees-Shoulders task). By contrast, differences in time-use were not found to be significantly associated with any measure of self-regulation or mental health at 5 years of age, nor were any significant longitudinal relationships apparent.
We did not find a significant association between 24-h time use in the preschool years and any measure of psychosocial or mental health at 5 years of age, although some relationships with inhibitory control were observed cross-sectionally.
ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00892983, registered 5th May 2009.
优质睡眠、规律的体育活动以及减少久坐时间，这些在促进儿童心理健康方面各自都被认为很重要。然而，很少有研究使用考虑到24小时一天封闭性质的成分分析，同时考察每种行为的影响。我们的目的是确定幼儿期的时间使用构成如何前瞻性地与5岁时的心理和社会心理健康相关。
共有392名儿童在2岁、3.5岁和5岁时佩戴Actical加速度计，每天24小时佩戴一周，以检测睡眠、体育活动和久坐行为的时间。在5岁时，使用基于实验室（研究者评估）和问卷（家长报告）的测量方法对心理社会和心理健康进行评估。使用以时间使用成分的等距对数比作为预测变量的回归模型来估计关联。
横断面研究中，睡眠时间比平均水平多10%（64分钟）的5岁儿童具有更好的抑制控制能力（标准化均值差[d]；雕像测试中d = 0.19；95%置信区间[CI]：0.02，0.36；头、脚、膝盖、肩膀任务中d = 0.16；95% CI：-0.01，0.33）。活动时间占比增加10%（31分钟）与较差的抑制控制能力相关（雕像测试中d = -0.07；95% CI：-0.13，-0.02；头、脚、膝盖、肩膀任务中d = -0.06；95% CI：-0.11，-0.01）。相比之下，未发现时间使用差异与5岁时的任何自我调节或心理健康测量指标有显著关联，也没有明显的显著纵向关系。
我们没有发现学前几年的24小时时间使用与5岁时的任何心理社会或心理健康测量指标之间存在显著关联，尽管在横断面研究中观察到了一些与抑制控制能力的关系。
ClinicalTrials.gov编号NCT00892983，于2009年5月5日注册。
