Menotti Alessandro, Puddu Paolo Emilio
Association for Cardiac Research, 00182 Rome, Italy.
EA 4650, Signalisation, Électrophysiologie et Imagerie des Lésions D'ischémie Reperfusion Myocardique, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, 14000 Caen, France.
J Clin Med. 2025 Mar 22;14(7):2178. doi: 10.3390/jcm14072178.
: Working physical activity, physical fitness and energy intake were studied for their effect on all-cause mortality and age at death in residential cohorts followed-up for 61 years. : There were two residential cohorts of middle-aged men examined in 1960 with a total of 1712 subjects, and three indexes were measured, i.e., physical activity by a questionnaire (three classes-sedentary, moderate, vigorous: Phyac), physical fitness, estimated by combining arm circumference, heart rate, and vital capacity by Principal Component Analysis, whose score was divided into three tertile classes (low, intermediate, and high: Fitscore), and energy intake in Kcalories, estimated by dietary history divided into three tertile classes (low, intermediate, high: Calories), plus five traditional cardiovascular risk factors (age, cigarette smoking, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, and serum cholesterol). Cox models were used to predict all-cause mortality as a function of those adjusted indexes. Multiple linear regression models were used to predict age at death as a function of the same co-variates and a larger number of them. At the 61-year follow-up, 1708 men had died. : There were large correlations across the three indexes. Prediction of all-cause mortality showed the independent and complementary roles of the three indexes to all be statistically significant and all protective for their highest levels. However, the Fitness score outperformed the role of Phyac, while the role of Calories was unexpectedly strong. The same outcome was found when predicting age at death, even in the presence of 25 covariates representing risk factors, personal characteristics, and prevalent major diseases. : Working physical activity, a score of physical fitness and energy intake, seems directly related to lower all-cause mortality and to higher age at death, thus suggesting a large part of independence.
对从事体力活动、身体健康状况和能量摄入进行了研究，以探讨它们对随访61年的居住队列中全因死亡率和死亡年龄的影响。1960年对两个中年男性居住队列进行了检查，共有1712名受试者，并测量了三个指标，即通过问卷调查得出的体力活动（分为三类：久坐、适度、剧烈：Phyac）；通过主成分分析结合臂围、心率和肺活量估算的身体健康状况，其得分分为三个三分位数类别（低、中、高：Fitscore）；以及通过饮食史估算的千卡能量摄入，分为三个三分位数类别（低、中、高：Calories），另外还有五个传统心血管危险因素（年龄、吸烟、体重指数、收缩压和血清胆固醇）。使用Cox模型预测作为这些调整指标函数的全因死亡率。使用多元线性回归模型预测作为相同协变量及更多协变量函数的死亡年龄。在61年的随访中，1708名男性死亡。这三个指标之间存在很大的相关性。全因死亡率的预测表明，这三个指标的独立和互补作用在统计学上均具有显著性，且在最高水平时均具有保护作用。然而，Fitness得分比Phyac的作用更显著，而Calories的作用出乎意料地强。在预测死亡年龄时也发现了相同的结果，即使存在代表危险因素、个人特征和常见重大疾病的25个协变量。从事体力活动、身体健康得分和能量摄入似乎与较低的全因死亡率和较高的死亡年龄直接相关，因此表明在很大程度上具有独立性。
