Fuller Chase A, Tammes Steve, Kaaret Philip, Wang Jun, Richey Carlton H, Linderman Marc, Ientilucci Emmett J, Schnell Thomas, Julstrom William, McElrath Jarret, Meiners Will, Kelley Jack, Mawanda Francis
Department of Physics & Astronomy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2025 Mar 25;25(7):2049. doi: 10.3390/s25072049.
We present a low-cost prototype of a visible and near-infrared (VIS-NIR) remote sensing platform, optimized to detect and characterize natural flaming fire fronts from airborne nighttime light (NTL) observations, and its radiometric calibration. It uses commercially available CMOS sensor cameras and filters with roughly 100 nm bandwidths to effectively discriminate burning biomass from other sources of NTL, a critical ability for wildfire monitoring near populated areas. Our filter choice takes advantage of the strong potassium line emission near 770 nm present in natural flaming. The calibrated cameras operate at 20 ms of exposure time and boast radiance measurements with a sensitivity floor, depending on the filter, in the range 3-5 × 10-6 W m sr nm with uncertainties lower than 5% and dynamic ranges near 3000-4000. An additional exposure time with a tenth of the duration is calibrated and extends the dynamic range by a factor of 10. We show images of a spatially resolved fire front from an airborne observation of flaming biomass within this radiance range.
我们展示了一种可见光和近红外（VIS-NIR）遥感平台的低成本原型，该平台经过优化，可从机载夜间灯光（NTL）观测中检测并表征自然燃烧的火锋及其辐射校准。它使用具有大约100 nm带宽的商用CMOS传感器相机和滤光片，以有效地区分燃烧的生物质与其他NTL来源，这是在人口密集地区附近进行野火监测的关键能力。我们选择的滤光片利用了自然燃烧中770 nm附近强烈的钾线发射。经过校准的相机以20 ms的曝光时间运行，根据滤光片的不同，其辐射测量的灵敏度下限在3-5×10-6 W m sr nm范围内，不确定度低于5%，动态范围接近3000-4000。还校准了持续时间为十分之一的额外曝光时间，并将动态范围扩展了10倍。我们展示了在此辐射范围内对燃烧生物质进行机载观测得到的空间分辨火锋图像。
