Gunnala Siddarth, Buhlman Lori M, Jadavji Nafisa M
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA.
College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, Glendale, AZ 85308, USA.
Nutrients. 2025 Apr 7;17(7):1286. doi: 10.3390/nu17071286.
Dietary folic acid supplementation is well known for playing a crucial role in the closure of the neural tube. Individuals have continued to increase dietary intake of folic acid in counties with mandatory fortication laws in place. Some studies have demonstrated adverse health effects in individuals with high dietary intake of folic acid. Nutrition is a modifiable risk factor for ischemic stroke. Specifically, elevated levels of homocysteine, they can be reduced by increasing intake of vitamins, such as folic acid, a B-vitamin. Hypoxia, when levels of oxygen are reduced, is a major component of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this review paper was to summarize how increased dietary intake of folic acid interaction with hypoxia to impact health outcomes. Our survey of the literature found that increased dietary intake of folic acid promotes inflammation, angiogenesis, and neurotoxicity. We also report negative actions of increased dietary intake of folic acid with vitamin B12 and genetic deficiencies in one-carbon metabolism. Increased dietary intake of folic acid also results in elevated levels of unmetabolized folic acid in the population, of which the impact on health risks has not yet been determined. Our review of the literature emphasizes that a more comprehensive understanding of the action between increased dietary intake of folic acid on disease outcomes could pave the way for improved public health guidelines. Furthermore, adequate knowledge of an individual's one-carbon metabolism status can inform proactive management for patients at higher risk of experiencing negative health outcomes.
膳食补充叶酸在神经管闭合过程中发挥关键作用，这是众所周知的。在实施强制叶酸强化法律的县，人们持续增加叶酸的膳食摄入量。一些研究表明，叶酸膳食摄入量高的个体存在不良健康影响。营养是缺血性中风的一个可改变的风险因素。具体而言，同型半胱氨酸水平升高，可通过增加维生素摄入量来降低，如叶酸（一种B族维生素）。缺氧（即氧气水平降低）是心血管疾病的一个主要因素。这篇综述文章的目的是总结增加叶酸膳食摄入量与缺氧如何相互作用以影响健康结果。我们对文献的调查发现，增加叶酸膳食摄入量会促进炎症、血管生成和神经毒性。我们还报告了增加叶酸膳食摄入量与维生素B12以及一碳代谢遗传缺陷之间的负面作用。增加叶酸膳食摄入量还会导致人群中未代谢叶酸水平升高，其对健康风险的影响尚未确定。我们对文献的综述强调，更全面地了解增加叶酸膳食摄入量对疾病结果的作用，可为改进公共卫生指南铺平道路。此外，充分了解个体的一碳代谢状态可为健康结果负面风险较高的患者提供积极的管理依据。
