Castañeda-González Juan Pablo, Parra-Medina Rafael, Riess Jonathan W, Gandara David R, Carvajal-Carmona Luis G
Latinos United for Cancer Health Advancement Initiative, University of California Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, Sacramento, CA, USA.
Department of Pathology, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, Colombia; Research Institute, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud - FUCS, Bogotá, Colombia.
Clin Lung Cancer. 2025 Jul;26(5):e342-e352. doi: 10.1016/j.cllc.2025.03.004. Epub 2025 Mar 13.
Lung cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Latin America. While incidence and mortality rates are higher in other populations, the ``Hispanic paradox'' observed in US Hispanics reflects a lower mortality rate for mortality from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) despite socioeconomic disparities, which may be related to epigenetic and cultural factors. Genetic studies have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with ancestry as key contributors to lung cancer risk and outcomes, emphasizing the importance of genomic insights for early detection and personalized treatments. This narrative review explores the impact of genetic ancestry on lung cancer in Hispanic/Latino populations. We searched MEDLINE and Google Scholar for "((SNP) OR (germline) OR (variant)) AND (lung cancer) AND ((Hispanic) OR (Latin))," focusing on Latin American studies. We included articles published up to December 2024. Specific variation in genes such as XRCC1, CYP1A1, CYP1A2, SEMA3B, PADPRP, and mEPHX have been associated with increased lung cancer risk. Lung cancer incidence and prognosis vary significantly among Hispanics due to their diverse genetic ancestry. Understanding ancestry-specific genetic variations may help personalize treatment and improve outcomes for this population.
肺癌是拉丁美洲癌症相关死亡的第二大主要原因。虽然其他人群的发病率和死亡率更高，但在美国西班牙裔人群中观察到的“西班牙裔悖论”反映出，尽管存在社会经济差异，但非小细胞肺癌（NSCLC）的死亡率较低，这可能与表观遗传和文化因素有关。基因研究已确定与祖先相关的单核苷酸多态性是肺癌风险和预后的关键因素，强调了基因组见解对早期检测和个性化治疗的重要性。这篇叙述性综述探讨了遗传血统对西班牙裔/拉丁裔人群肺癌的影响。我们在MEDLINE和谷歌学术上搜索了“((SNP)或(种系)或(变异))与(肺癌)与((西班牙裔)或(拉丁裔))”，重点关注拉丁美洲的研究。我们纳入了截至2024年12月发表的文章。XRCC1、CYP1A1、CYP1A2、SEMA3B、PADPRP和mEPHX等基因的特定变异与肺癌风险增加有关。由于西班牙裔人群的遗传血统多样，肺癌的发病率和预后差异很大。了解特定血统的基因变异可能有助于为该人群制定个性化治疗方案并改善治疗效果。
