Ahmad Latif, Khan Umair, Alqahtani Aisha M, Kouki Marouan, Ibrahim Essam H, Hamid Zuhaib, Javed Saleem
Department of Mathematics, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal 18000, Pakistan.
Department of Mathematics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 602105, Tamil Nadu, India.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 12;15(1):12601. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-95835-9.
Optimization of heat and mass transfer via higher thermally conductive generalized nonlinear materials namely, the Cross fluid is one of the major contributions of this work. This particular work is further analyzed effectively in the presence of linear reactions as well as solar radiation. The flow configuration is assumed with anticlockwise rotation which guarantees more heat transfer as compared to the linear or translator motion of such materials. Specifically, the generalized concept of Brownian motion as well as thermophoretic forces are utilized in the swirling motion of shear rate-dependent viscosity material which plays a significant role in science and industries. However, an enhancement in the conduction is caused by the non-uniform nanoparticle concentration and this is due to the involvement of the thermo diffusion phenomenon. Moreover, the probability of an extra degree of freedom to the heat equation is reduced by the introduction of the radiation which alternately provided a significant contribution to the thermal conductivity maximization. Additionally, the appearance of linear reaction in the concentration equation is a foundation that is based on the first-order apparent kinetics is one of the hydrolysis of the anticancer cisplatin drugs. Mathematical equations are developed and then solved by using one of the modified collocation methods. The time relaxation constant reduced the pressure and enhanced the rotational flow speed. The reduction in pedesis and radiation caused enhancement in the pressure and temperature. As the first-order reaction rate increases, the material concentration decreases, while radiation enhances the heat transfer rate. The Schmidt number effectively reduces the mass flow rate, whereas the reaction rate enhances it. The entire scheme is validated by providing a well-matched comparison.
通过具有更高热导率的广义非线性材料(即Cross流体)来优化传热传质是这项工作的主要贡献之一。在存在线性反应以及太阳辐射的情况下,对这项具体工作进行了进一步有效的分析。假设流动形态为逆时针旋转,与这类材料的线性或平移运动相比,这种旋转能保证更多的热传递。具体而言,在剪切速率依赖粘度材料的涡旋运动中利用了广义布朗运动以及热泳力的概念,这在科学和工业中发挥着重要作用。然而,传导的增强是由纳米颗粒浓度不均匀引起的,这是由于热扩散现象的参与。此外,辐射的引入降低了热方程额外自由度的可能性,这反过来又对热导率最大化做出了显著贡献。另外,浓度方程中线性反应的出现是基于一级表观动力学的基础,这是抗癌顺铂药物水解的情况之一。建立了数学方程,然后使用一种改进的配置方法进行求解。时间松弛常数降低了压力并提高了旋转流速。布朗运动和辐射的减少导致压力和温度升高。随着一级反应速率增加,材料浓度降低,而辐射提高了传热速率。施密特数有效地降低了质量流率,而反应速率则提高了质量流率。通过提供匹配良好的比较对整个方案进行了验证。