Le Randy, Biedrzycki Richard J, Tekola-Ayele Fasil
Epidemiology Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2025 Apr 12. doi: 10.1038/s41366-025-01783-9.
Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity has been associated with birth outcomes, but the influence of genetic distance (GD) on this relationship is unclear. Therefore, the objective of this study was to assess the interplay of GD and maternal obesity on birthweight, placental weight, and large for gestational age (LGA).
We used data from the NICHD Fetal Growth Studies-Singletons cohort, a prospective cohort study of multi-ancestral pregnant women. GD was estimated using data from 1810 women across four ancestral reference populations. We categorized GD into five quintiles, with quintile one and quintile five representing the closest and farthest distances, respectively. Linear regression models were used to test association between GD and birth outcomes and to estimate the association of interaction of GD and maternal obesity with birth outcomes.
Farther maternal GD from an African reference was significantly associated with higher birthweight and higher odds of LGA, with associations persisting after adjusting for socioeconomic status (SES). The interaction between the third Amerindigenous GD quintile and obesity was significantly associated with a 198 g larger placental weight (95% CI = 51-345, p = 0.009) compared to the first Amerindigenous GD quintile. We also found the interaction between East Asian fourth GD quintile and obesity to be significantly associated with 86.0% lower odds of infants being born LGA (OR = 0.14 g, 95% CI = 0.02-74, p = 0.031) compared to the first quintile. These associations persisted after SES adjustment.
Interplays between maternal GD from Amerindigenous and East Asian references and pre-pregnancy obesity influence placental weight and risk of LGA. The results underline that consideration of maternal obesity in the context of GD from multiple ancestries and SES may facilitate interventions that will minimize adverse pregnancy outcomes.
The study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (Trial registration: NCT00912132).
孕前肥胖与分娩结局相关，但遗传距离（GD）对这种关系的影响尚不清楚。因此，本研究的目的是评估GD与孕妇肥胖对出生体重、胎盘重量和大于胎龄儿（LGA）的相互作用。
我们使用了美国国立儿童健康与人类发展研究所（NICHD）单胎胎儿生长研究队列的数据，这是一项针对多族裔孕妇的前瞻性队列研究。使用来自四个祖先参考人群的1810名女性的数据估计GD。我们将GD分为五个五分位数，第一和第五五分位数分别代表最近和最远的距离。使用线性回归模型来检验GD与分娩结局之间的关联，并估计GD与孕妇肥胖的相互作用与分娩结局的关联。
与非洲参考人群的GD距离越远，出生体重越高，LGA的几率越高，在调整社会经济地位（SES）后，这种关联仍然存在。与第一个美洲原住民GD五分位数相比，第三个美洲原住民GD五分位数与肥胖之间的相互作用与胎盘重量显著增加198克相关（95%CI=51-345，p=0.009）。我们还发现，与第一个五分位数相比，东亚第四个GD五分位数与肥胖之间的相互作用与婴儿出生时LGA的几率显著降低86.0%相关（OR=0.14，95%CI=0.02-74，p=0.031）。在调整SES后，这些关联仍然存在。
美洲原住民和东亚参考人群的孕妇GD与孕前肥胖之间的相互作用会影响胎盘重量和LGA风险。结果强调，在考虑多个祖先的GD和SES的背景下考虑孕妇肥胖，可能有助于采取干预措施，将不良妊娠结局降至最低。
该研究已在ClinicalTrials.gov注册（试验注册号：NCT00912132）。
