年轻员工因常见精神障碍病休后重返工作岗位的情况：一项针对年轻员工和管理人员的定性访谈研究
The return to work after sick leave due to common mental disorders among young employees: a qualitative interview study with young employees and managers.
作者信息
Olsson Caroline, Jensen Irene, Nybergh Lotta, Björk Brämberg Elisabeth, Tinnerholm Ljungberg Helena
机构信息
Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, Box 210, Stockholm, SE-171 77, Sweden.
School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Box 100, SE-405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2025 Apr 12;25(1):1383. doi: 10.1186/s12889-025-22607-5.
BACKGROUND
Studies focusing on the return for young employees are scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the return to work process after a period of sick leave due to common mental disorders among young male and female employees, with a specific focus on promoting and hindering factors. A gender perspective was applied to examine potential patterns of similarities and differences in the study participants' experiences.
METHODS
A qualitative approach with an applied gender perspective was used to capture both young employees' and managers' experiences of the return to work process. The data consisted of interviews with 12 young male and 13 young female employees (aged 20-29) and 23 interviews with managers with experience of supervising at least one young employee during return to work. An inductive, conventional content analysis was conducted.
RESULTS
The analysis resulted in three main categories and five subcategories describing hindering and promoting factors in young employees' return to work processes. The main and subcategories were (1) "Coordinating, planning, and timing the return to work process" (with subcategories "Lack of coordination and support from key stakeholders", "The importance of a return to work plan and follow-up", and "The timing of the return to work"); (2) "Gaining sufficient support and having personal resources" (with subcategories: "Level and quality of support in the work environment", and "Resources and obstacles on a personal level"); and (3) "Poor match between the young employees' capabilities and the work demands or working conditions".
CONCLUSION
The study participants identified similar factors that promoted and hindered the return to work process. Young employees need more support from employers and various welfare agencies. Managers need to know more about the return to work process and the responsibility of involved stakeholders. No expressed gender differences were identified.
背景
关注年轻员工复工情况的研究较少。本研究旨在调查年轻男女员工因常见精神障碍病休一段时间后的复工过程，特别关注促进因素和阻碍因素。采用性别视角来审视研究参与者经历中潜在的异同模式。
方法
采用具有应用性别视角的定性方法，以了解年轻员工和管理人员对复工过程的体验。数据包括对12名年轻男性和13名年轻女性员工（年龄在20 - 29岁之间）的访谈，以及对23名有在至少一名年轻员工复工期间监督经验的管理人员的访谈。进行了归纳性的常规内容分析。
结果
分析得出三个主要类别和五个子类别，描述了年轻员工复工过程中的阻碍因素和促进因素。主要类别和子类别分别为：（1）“协调、规划和确定复工过程的时间安排”（子类别包括“关键利益相关者缺乏协调和支持”、“复工计划和跟进的重要性”以及“复工时间”）；（2）“获得足够支持并具备个人资源”（子类别为“工作环境中的支持水平和质量”以及“个人层面的资源和障碍”）；（3）“年轻员工的能力与工作要求或工作条件不匹配”。
结论
研究参与者确定了促进和阻碍复工过程的类似因素。年轻员工需要雇主和各福利机构提供更多支持。管理人员需要更多地了解复工过程以及相关利益者的责任。未发现明显的性别差异。
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