Khan Mubassir, Ullah Razi, Wang Guixue, Chu Maoquan
Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, P.R. China.
Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Jinfeng Laboratory, Chongqing, 400030, P.R. China.
Theranostics. 2025 Mar 31;15(10):4823-4847. doi: 10.7150/thno.108875. eCollection 2025.
Cancer is a multifaceted disease characterized by uncontrollable cell growth. To date, various therapies are employed including conventional chemotherapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and immunotherapies. However, these approaches still present significant limitations. Interestingly, macrophage membranes utilize their innate antigen recognition affinity to facilitate targeted localization to tumor sites with high specificity. As a result, they display distinct characteristics such as avoiding premature leakage, tumor targeting ability, immune evasion, immune system activation, tumor-infiltrating ability, improved cell endocytosis and release payload in tumor-microenvironment. In this paper, the recent advances in macrophage-membrane-encapsulated nanotherapeutics for targeted cancer therapy are presented. We begin by introducing macrophage membrane-encapsulated nanotherapeutics preparation and characterization, followed by cancer immunotherapy such as macrophage polarization, T-cell infiltration, macrophage membrane modification, immunization, and inducing immunological cell death. Lastly, a future perspective is proposed to highlight the limitations of macrophage membrane-encapsulated nanotherapeutics and the possible resolutions toward the clinical transformation of currently developed biomimetic chemotherapies. We believe this review may be beneficial for improving the deep research of macrophage membrane-encapsulated nanotherapeutics for targeted cancer therapy.
癌症是一种以细胞生长失控为特征的多方面疾病。迄今为止，人们采用了各种疗法，包括传统化疗、手术、放疗和免疫疗法。然而，这些方法仍然存在显著局限性。有趣的是，巨噬细胞膜利用其固有的抗原识别亲和力，以高特异性促进靶向定位于肿瘤部位。因此，它们表现出独特的特性，如避免过早泄漏、肿瘤靶向能力、免疫逃逸、免疫系统激活、肿瘤浸润能力、改善细胞内吞作用以及在肿瘤微环境中释放有效载荷。本文介绍了巨噬细胞膜包裹的纳米疗法在靶向癌症治疗方面的最新进展。我们首先介绍巨噬细胞膜包裹的纳米疗法的制备和表征，接着介绍癌症免疫疗法，如巨噬细胞极化、T细胞浸润、巨噬细胞膜修饰、免疫接种以及诱导免疫性细胞死亡。最后，我们提出了一个未来展望，以突出巨噬细胞膜包裹的纳米疗法的局限性以及目前开发的仿生化疗向临床转化的可能解决方案。我们相信这篇综述可能有助于推动对巨噬细胞膜包裹的纳米疗法用于靶向癌症治疗的深入研究。
