Seppälä Vilja, Tuovinen Soile, Lahti-Pulkkinen Marius, Girchenko Polina, Andersson Sture, Räikkönen Katri, Heinonen Kati
Welfare Sciences, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Depress Anxiety. 2024 Aug 8;2024:1788167. doi: 10.1155/2024/1788167. eCollection 2024.
Depressive symptoms during pregnancy increase the risk for adverse outcomes in women and children. Lower vitamin D levels are suggested to be associated with higher depressive symptoms in nonpregnant populations. We studied if the level of or change in serum of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentration was associated with the levels of depressive symptoms during pregnancy.
The participants of this prospective longitudinal study came from the Prediction and Prevention of Preeclampsia and Intrauterine Growth Restriction (PREDO) study. The analytic sample comprised 307 women (mean age = 32.5 (range 20.3-44.3)) who reported depressive symptoms concurrently with serum 25(OH)D measurements at a median of 13.0, 19.3, and 27.0 gestational weeks. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Linear and mixed-model regression analyses were used to study the associations.
The 25(OH)D levels were not associated with depressive symptoms cross-sectionally ( values > 0.58) or across the three assessment points during pregnancy ( = -0.05; 95% CI, -0.12, 0.01; and = 0.12). Yet, a higher increase in 25(OH)D during pregnancy was associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms ( = -1.41; 95% CI, -2.75, -0.07; and = 0.04) but not after adjusting for covariates ( = 0.08).
The 25(OH)D levels and depressive symptoms were not associated among pregnant women throughout the pregnancy. However, there is a need for randomized controlled trials to fully exclude the possibility of vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of depression during pregnancy.
孕期抑郁症状会增加母婴出现不良结局的风险。有研究表明，非孕期人群中维生素D水平较低与抑郁症状较高有关。我们研究了血清25-羟维生素D（25(OH)D）浓度水平或其变化是否与孕期抑郁症状水平相关。
这项前瞻性纵向研究的参与者来自先兆子痫和宫内生长受限预测与预防（PREDO）研究。分析样本包括307名女性（平均年龄=32.5岁（范围20.3 - 44.3岁）），她们在妊娠周数中位数为13.0、19.3和27.0时报告了抑郁症状并同时进行了血清25(OH)D测量。使用流行病学研究中心抑郁量表评估抑郁症状。采用线性和混合模型回归分析来研究两者之间的关联。
25(OH)D水平在横断面（值>0.58）或孕期三个评估点期间均与抑郁症状无关（= -0.05；95%置信区间，-0.12, 0.01；= 0.12）。然而，孕期25(OH)D水平升高幅度较大与抑郁症状水平较低相关（= -1.41；95%置信区间，-2.75, -0.07；= 0.04），但在调整协变量后则无此关联（= 0.08）。
整个孕期孕妇的25(OH)D水平与抑郁症状无关。然而，需要进行随机对照试验以完全排除补充维生素D预防孕期抑郁的可能性。
