Azzellino Gianluca, Aitella Ernesto, Ginaldi Lia, De Martinis Massimo
Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.
Complex Operational Unit, Adriatic District Area, AUSL 04 Teramo, Italy.
Cancers (Basel). 2025 Mar 28;17(7):1146. doi: 10.3390/cancers17071146.
LGBTQIA+ individuals with cancer face significant challenges in their interactions with nurses, which can negatively affect the quality of care, treatment adherence, and access to healthcare. Barriers such as implicit biases, discrimination, and inadequate communication skills contribute to these disparities, alongside a lack of nursing education on gender and sexual diversity. Despite the recognized role of nurses in reducing health inequalities, knowledge about effective strategies to overcome these barriers remains fragmented. This scoping review aims to identify and categorize the main barriers affecting the nurse-patient relationship in oncology and to explore evidence-based nursing interventions that promote equitable and inclusive care. A systematic literature search was conducted between January and February 2025 in PUBMED, SCOPUS, and Web of Science, including studies published in the last 10 years. Study management was performed using Zotero (version 6.0.30), and quality assessment was conducted with the JBI Critical Appraisal Tools. Two independent reviewers screened the studies, resolving discrepancies through discussion and consensus. This review follows the PRISMA-ScR checklist and the JBI scoping review methodology. The findings will provide insights into the primary barriers, highlight effective nursing interventions, and identify gaps in education and clinical guidelines, contributing to the development of more inclusive oncology care practices.
患有癌症的 LGBTQIA+ 群体在与护士互动时面临重大挑战，这可能会对护理质量、治疗依从性和医疗保健获取产生负面影响。隐性偏见、歧视和沟通技巧不足等障碍导致了这些差异，同时还缺乏关于性别和性取向多样性的护理教育。尽管护士在减少健康不平等方面的作用已得到认可，但关于克服这些障碍的有效策略的知识仍然零散。本范围综述旨在识别和分类影响肿瘤学中护患关系的主要障碍，并探索促进公平和包容性护理的循证护理干预措施。于 2025 年 1 月至 2 月在 PUBMED、SCOPUS 和科学网进行了系统的文献检索，包括过去 10 年发表的研究。使用 Zotero（6.0.30 版）进行研究管理，并使用 JBI 批判性评价工具进行质量评估。两名独立评审员筛选研究，通过讨论和协商解决分歧。本综述遵循 PRISMA-ScR 清单和 JBI 范围综述方法。研究结果将深入了解主要障碍，突出有效的护理干预措施，并识别教育和临床指南中的差距，有助于制定更具包容性的肿瘤护理实践。
