van der Meulen J C
Plast Reconstr Surg. 1985 Aug;76(2):212-24. doi: 10.1097/00006534-198508000-00007.
Modern views on embryology have increased our understanding of the nature of oblique facial clefts. The anomalies that have their origin at the junction of facial processes, such as the nasomaxillary dysplasias, may be named primary clefts or transformation. The maxillary clefts that are due to a developmental arrest of the skeleton are in fact secondary defects of differentiation defects. The teratology of these malformations is discussed, and attention is drawn to the amniotic rupture syndrome as a possible cause. All these clefts are rare, their incidence ranging from 0.75 to 5.4 per 1000 common clefts. This author has been involved in the treatment of nine of these patients. Four had their malformation reconstructed with one of the conventional procedures described in the literature, but the results, although initially acceptable, soon deteriorated. A more aggressive approach was therefore chosen. Rotation and advancement of the cheek proved to be extremely effective and is now advocated as the procedure of choice. The transposition of a median forehead flap is considered an excellent alternative. Use of these procedures in five patients is reported. There were no complications.
现代胚胎学观点增进了我们对斜面部裂性质的理解。起源于面部各突起交界处的异常情况，如鼻上颌发育不全，可称为原发性裂或发育异常。因骨骼发育停滞导致的上颌裂实际上是分化缺陷的继发性缺陷。本文讨论了这些畸形的病因学，并指出羊膜破裂综合征可能是其病因之一。所有这些裂都很罕见，发病率为每1000例常见裂中有0.75至5.4例。本文作者参与治疗了9例此类患者。其中4例采用文献中描述的传统手术之一进行畸形修复，但结果虽起初尚可接受，但很快恶化。因此选择了更积极的治疗方法。事实证明，脸颊旋转推进术极为有效，现被提倡作为首选手术方法。正中前额皮瓣转移术被认为是一种很好的替代方法。本文报告了这两种手术方法在5例患者中的应用情况。无并发症发生。
