Escuza Gonzalez Sergio Ricardo, Díaz Álvarez Axel Carlos, Vigo García Carlos
Carrera de Estomatología, Universidad Científica del Sur. Lima, Perú.
Rev Cient Odontol (Lima). 2025 Mar 3;13(1):e231. doi: 10.21142/2523-2754-1301-2025-231. eCollection 2025 Jan-Mar.
Dental anomalies are associated with developmental problems, affecting facial and dental structures with potential functional, occlusal and aesthetic repercussions. Early detection using panoramic radiographs is crucial for adequate treatment and management of these alterations. Objective: Determine the prevalence of dental anomalies in radiographs in patients treated in a radiological center during the year 2023.
a retrospective, observational and descriptive study was carried out, analyzing 1500 panoramic radiographs. A simple random sampling method was used and various variables such as types and number of anomalies, age, gender, and location in the oral quadrants were evaluated. The Romexis Viewer program was used for image analysis.
In the prevalence of dental anomalies of structure, it was observed that enamel hypoplasia and hypercementosis presented a lower number of cases, with a prevalence of 1%. In size anomalies, it was found that microdontia had a prevalence of 10.5%. Also, in eruption anomalies, it was observed that the ectopic position affected 6.7% of cases. On the other hand, in number anomalies, it was observed that agenesis had a prevalence of 5.2%. In morphology anomalies, there were no cases of union, while dilaceration was present in 58.6% of cases. Rhizomicri had a prevalence of 12.4%.
Dental anomalies observed in the radiographs of the evaluated patients show variable prevalence rates. The study reaffirms the importance of panoramic radiography in the early detection of dental anomalies, crucial for planning adequate and personalized treatment in dentistry.
牙齿异常与发育问题相关，会影响面部和牙齿结构，可能产生功能、咬合和美学方面的影响。利用全景X线片进行早期检测对于这些改变的充分治疗和管理至关重要。目的：确定2023年在一家放射中心接受治疗的患者的X线片中牙齿异常的患病率。
开展了一项回顾性、观察性和描述性研究，分析了1500张全景X线片。采用简单随机抽样方法，评估了各种变量，如异常的类型和数量、年龄、性别以及口腔象限位置。使用Romexis Viewer程序进行图像分析。
在结构异常的患病率方面，观察到釉质发育不全和牙骨质增生的病例数较少，患病率为1%。在大小异常方面，发现过小牙的患病率为10.5%。此外，在萌出异常方面，观察到异位萌出影响了6.7%的病例。另一方面，在数量异常方面，观察到牙缺失的患病率为5.2%。在形态异常方面，未发现融合病例，而弯曲牙的病例占58.6%。根折患病率为12.4%。
在所评估患者的X线片中观察到的牙齿异常显示出不同的患病率。该研究再次强调了全景X线摄影在牙齿异常早期检测中的重要性，这对于牙科制定充分且个性化的治疗方案至关重要。
