Bilge N H, Yeşiltepe S, Törenek Ağırman K, Çağlayan F, Bilge O M
Folia Morphol (Warsz). 2018;77(2):323-328. doi: 10.5603/FM.a2017.0087. Epub 2017 Sep 21.
This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence of all types and subtypes of dental anomalies among 6- to 40-year-old patients by using panoramic radiographs.
This cross-sectional study was conducted by analysing digital panoramic radiographs of 1200 patients admitted to our clinic in 2014. Dental anomalies were examined under 5 types and 16 subtypes. Dental ano-malies were divided into 5 types: (a) number (including hypodontia, oligodontia and hyperdontia); (b) size (including microdontia and macrodontia); (c) structure (including amelogenesis imperfecta, dentinogenesis imperfecta and dentin dys-plasia); (d) position (including transposition, ectopia, displacement, impaction and inversion); (e) shape (including fusion-gemination, dilaceration and taurodontism).
The prevalence of dental anomalies diagnosed by panoramic radiographs was 39.2% (46% in men and 54% in women). Anomalies of position (60.8%) and shape (27.8%) were the most common types of abnormalities and anomalies of size (8.2%), structure (0.2%) and number (17%) were the least in both genders. Anomalies of impaction (45.5%), dilacerations (16.3%), hypodontia (13.8%) and taurodontism (11.2%) were the most common subtypes of dental anomalies. Taurodontism was more common in the age groups of 13-19 years. The age range of the most frequent of all other anomalies was 20-29.
Anomalies of tooth position were the most common type of dental anomalies and structure anomalies were the least common in this Turkish po-pulation. The frequency and type of dental anomalies vary within and between populations, confirming the role of racial factors in the prevalence of dental ano-malies. Digital panoramic radiography is a very useful method for the detection of dental anomalies. (Folia Morphol 2018; 77, 2: 323-328).
本研究旨在通过全景X线片评估6至40岁患者中各类牙齿异常及其亚型的患病率。
本横断面研究通过分析2014年我院收治的1200例患者的数字化全景X线片进行。牙齿异常按5种类型和16个亚型进行检查。牙齿异常分为5种类型：（a）数目异常（包括牙缺失、少牙症和多生牙）；（b）大小异常（包括小牙症和巨牙症）；（c）结构异常（包括釉质发育不全、牙本质发育不全和牙本质发育异常）；（d）位置异常（包括易位、异位、移位、阻生和倒置）；（e）形态异常（包括融合 - 双生牙、弯曲牙和牛牙症）。
全景X线片诊断出的牙齿异常患病率为39.2%（男性为46%，女性为54%）。位置异常（60.8%）和形态异常（27.8%）是最常见的异常类型，而大小异常（8.2%）、结构异常（0.2%）和数目异常（17%）在男女中均为最少见。阻生（45.5%）、弯曲牙（16.3%）、牙缺失（13.8%）和牛牙症（11.2%）是最常见的牙齿异常亚型。牛牙症在年龄13 - 19岁组中更为常见。所有其他异常最常见的年龄范围是20 - 29岁。
在这个土耳其人群中，牙齿位置异常是最常见的牙齿异常类型，而结构异常是最不常见的。牙齿异常的频率和类型在不同人群内部和之间存在差异，证实了种族因素在牙齿异常患病率中的作用。数字化全景X线摄影是检测牙齿异常的一种非常有用的方法。（《形态学杂志》2018年；77卷，第2期：323 - 328页）
