Su Zhou, Qiu Yuyang, Ding Xiaowei
Department of Psychology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Social Cognitive Neuroscience and Mental Health, Sun Yat-sen University.
J Exp Psychol Gen. 2025 Jun;154(6):1740-1759. doi: 10.1037/xge0001761. Epub 2025 Apr 14.
While the influence of scene-object semantic congruency on object perception is well established, the direction of the influence remains controversial. We address this issue by presenting an innovative approach that uses a vector-space semantic model to quantify scene-object congruency as a continuous variable. By exploring a wide range of congruency values and using multiple experimental tasks, we aimed to comprehensively investigate the relationship between scene-object congruency and object perception across four experiments ( = 543). We found a robust positive U-shaped relationship between scene-object congruency and accuracy in an exemplar identification task (Experiment 1), which persisted across different stimulus sets (reanalysis of the previous data set) and scene presentation times (Experiment 2). To explore the mechanisms underlying the U-shaped relationship, we propose that scene-object congruency affects object perception in two ways: by influencing attention and thus processing amount and by directly influencing processing efficiency. In Experiment 3, a change detection task emphasizing attentional processes revealed an inverted U-shaped relationship between congruency and reaction times, suggesting that both congruent and incongruent contexts improve object perception by increasing attention. Experiment 4 introduced a cue to neutralize congruency-based attention, focusing on processing efficiency in an identification task. Notably, only a congruency benefit emerged, while an incongruency benefit was absent, suggesting that congruency uniquely facilitates processing efficiency to improve object perception. In summary, our study provides compelling evidence for the coexistence of congruency and incongruency benefits, reconciling previous contradictions and providing a unifying framework for understanding the relationship between scene-object congruency and object perception. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2025 APA, all rights reserved).
虽然场景-物体语义一致性对物体感知的影响已得到充分证实，但其影响方向仍存在争议。我们通过提出一种创新方法来解决这个问题，该方法使用向量空间语义模型将场景-物体一致性量化为一个连续变量。通过探索广泛的一致性值并使用多个实验任务，我们旨在通过四个实验（N = 543）全面研究场景-物体一致性与物体感知之间的关系。我们在一个范例识别任务（实验1）中发现场景-物体一致性与准确性之间存在稳健的正U形关系，这种关系在不同的刺激集（对先前数据集的重新分析）和场景呈现时间（实验2）中都持续存在。为了探究这种U形关系背后的机制，我们提出场景-物体一致性通过两种方式影响物体感知：通过影响注意力从而影响处理量，以及直接影响处理效率。在实验3中，一个强调注意力过程的变化检测任务揭示了一致性与反应时间之间的倒U形关系，这表明一致和不一致的情境都通过增加注意力来提高物体感知。实验4引入了一个线索来抵消基于一致性的注意力，重点关注识别任务中的处理效率。值得注意的是，只出现了一致性优势，而没有不一致性优势，这表明一致性独特地促进了处理效率以改善物体感知。总之，我们的研究为一致性和不一致性优势的共存提供了有力证据，调和了先前的矛盾，并为理解场景-物体一致性与物体感知之间的关系提供了一个统一的框架。（PsycInfo数据库记录（c）2025美国心理学会，保留所有权利）
