Kluanwan Yanisa, Tangnuntachai Nichthida, Ryu Jay H, Moua Teng
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Central Chest Institute of Thailand, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
Eur Respir Rev. 2025 Apr 16;34(176). doi: 10.1183/16000617.0248-2024. Print 2025 Apr.
Pulmonary manifestations of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) may involve the large and small airways, lung parenchyma, pleura, respiratory muscles and thoracic cage. Bronchiolar disorders (BDs) or small airways disease (SAD) are common and may sometimes be the dominant presentation in patients with SARDs. We conducted a literature review using search terms "bronchiolitis," "small airway diseases" and the names of individual SARDs and collated relevant articles published between January 1977 and April 2024. A summary of the incidence/prevalence, clinical manifestations, pathogenetic mechanisms, pulmonary function testing, chest imaging, histopathology and treatment options for BDs associated with SARDs is provided in this review. BDs associated with Sjögren syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, idiopathic inflammatory myositis, mixed connective tissue disease and ankylosing spondylitis are specifically highlighted.
系统性自身免疫性风湿性疾病（SARDs）的肺部表现可能累及大气道和小气道、肺实质、胸膜、呼吸肌和胸廓。细支气管疾病（BDs）或小气道疾病（SAD）很常见，有时可能是SARDs患者的主要表现。我们使用搜索词“细支气管炎”“小气道疾病”以及各个SARDs的名称进行了文献综述，并整理了1977年1月至2024年4月期间发表的相关文章。本综述提供了与SARDs相关的BDs的发病率/患病率、临床表现、发病机制、肺功能测试、胸部影像学、组织病理学和治疗选择的总结。特别强调了与干燥综合征、类风湿关节炎、系统性硬化症、系统性红斑狼疮、特发性炎性肌病、混合性结缔组织病和强直性脊柱炎相关的BDs。
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