Chen Angela Chia-Chen, Ou Lihong, Mansuri Sudaba, Walsh Alli, Mun Chung Jung
College of Nursing, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA.
Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
Int Nurs Rev. 2025 Jun;72(2):e70021. doi: 10.1111/inr.70021.
This study aimed to investigate U.S. minority nursing staff's discrimination experiences and the association of such experiences and other critical factors with their quality of life (QoL) during the COVID-19 pandemic.
Racial/ethnic minority nursing staff are at a higher risk of developing unfavorable health outcomes associated with race-based and related discrimination.
Minority nursing staff were recruited through a professional network. An online survey, consisting of validated measures, was used to assess perceived discrimination, fear of COVID-19, perceived risk of contracting COVID-19, resilience, social support, and QoL. We used the chi-square test, ANOVA, and path analysis to compare racial/ethnic group differences and variables associated with QoL among minority nursing staff.
Our sample consisted of 514 minority nursing staff (31.4% Black, 25.5% Hispanic/Latinx, 17.0% Asian, 13.5% American Indian/Alaska Native, and 12.7% Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander). The sample reported a high prevalence of discrimination experiences (60% witnessed, 28.3% experienced). Greater exposure to witnessed discrimination, higher levels of perceived risk of contracting COVID-19, and fear of COVID-19 were associated with worse QoL, whereas higher levels of resilience and social support were associated with better QoL. Multiple group analysis revealed no significant differences in these outcomes across the racial/ethnic groups.
Our findings revealed that while discrimination, fear, and perceived risk were negatively related to minority nursing staff's QoL, resilience and social support were crucial in promoting their QoL, with no significant differences observed across racial/ethnic groups.
The findings highlight the importance of individual-, organizational-, and policy-level awareness of vulnerability related to racial/ethnic discrimination and areas that should be addressed to promote minority nursing staff's QoL.
本研究旨在调查美国少数族裔护理人员的歧视经历，以及这些经历和其他关键因素与他们在新冠疫情期间生活质量（QoL）的关联。
种族/族裔少数族裔护理人员面临与基于种族的及相关歧视相关的不良健康后果的风险更高。
通过专业网络招募少数族裔护理人员。使用一项由经过验证的量表组成的在线调查来评估感知到的歧视、对新冠病毒的恐惧、感染新冠病毒的感知风险、心理韧性、社会支持和生活质量。我们使用卡方检验、方差分析和路径分析来比较少数族裔护理人员中种族/族裔群体差异以及与生活质量相关的变量。
我们的样本包括514名少数族裔护理人员（31.4%为黑人，25.5%为西班牙裔/拉丁裔，17.0%为亚裔，13.5%为美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民，12.7%为夏威夷原住民/太平洋岛民）。样本报告的歧视经历发生率很高（60%目睹过，28.3%经历过）。更多地目睹歧视、更高的感染新冠病毒的感知风险以及对新冠病毒的恐惧与更差的生活质量相关，而更高水平的心理韧性和社会支持与更好的生活质量相关。多组分析显示这些结果在不同种族/族裔群体之间没有显著差异。
我们的研究结果表明，虽然歧视、恐惧和感知风险与少数族裔护理人员的生活质量呈负相关，但心理韧性和社会支持对于提高他们的生活质量至关重要，不同种族/族裔群体之间未观察到显著差异。
研究结果凸显了个人、组织和政策层面认识与种族/族裔歧视相关的脆弱性以及为提高少数族裔护理人员生活质量应解决的领域的重要性。
