Kiełbus Maria, Kuźmiuk Dominika, Skrzyniarz Aleksandra Magdalena, Zynkowska Aleksandra, Dolar-Szczasny Joanna, Chorągiewicz Tomasz, Rejdak Robert
Student Scientific Club at the Department and Clinic of General and Paediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Chmielna 1 Str., 20-079 Lublin, Poland.
Department of General and Paediatric Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Chmielna 1 Str., 20-079 Lublin, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Mar 28;26(7):3129. doi: 10.3390/ijms26073129.
The study of the aqueous humor (AH) plays a key role in understanding the pathophysiology of glaucoma. The AH provides nutrition, maintains the appropriate intraocular pressure, and provides important information about the mechanisms of the disease. The development of modern technologies has allowed the use of more accurate analytical methods, which has proven to be a key factor in determining the changes occurring in the proteome of the aqueous humor of glaucoma patients. Recently, researchers have observed changes in the levels of proteins associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, the complement system, and extracellular matrix remodeling. They have also shown that these changes may be variable for different types of glaucoma. The objective of this review is to collect and summarize the current knowledge on the potential biomarkers and pathomechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of glaucoma. We hope that our review will contribute to the improvement of current diagnostic methods in this illness and, through a better understanding of the changes occurring during the progression of the disease, will enable the development of more effective preventive and therapeutic strategies in the future.
房水（AH）的研究在理解青光眼的病理生理学方面起着关键作用。房水提供营养、维持适当的眼压，并提供有关该疾病机制的重要信息。现代技术的发展使得能够使用更精确的分析方法，这已被证明是确定青光眼患者房水蛋白质组中发生的变化的关键因素。最近，研究人员观察到与炎症、氧化应激、补体系统和细胞外基质重塑相关的蛋白质水平发生了变化。他们还表明，这些变化可能因不同类型的青光眼而异。本综述的目的是收集和总结目前关于青光眼发病机制中潜在生物标志物和病理机制的知识。我们希望我们的综述将有助于改进目前对这种疾病的诊断方法，并通过更好地理解疾病进展过程中发生的变化，在未来能够制定出更有效的预防和治疗策略。
