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Trustworthiness of Web-Based Pharmacy Apps in Pakistan Based on the Mobile App Rating Scale: Content Analysis and Quality Evaluation.

作者信息

Sattar Anum, Rehman Hina, Naveed Safila, Khadim Sumaira, Khan Nargis, Kazi Ahmad Furqan, Syed Wajid, Al-Rawi Mahmood Basil A, Jamshed Shazia

机构信息

Department of Pharmacy Practice, Jinnah University for Women, 5C, Block 5 Nazimabad, Karachi, 74600, Pakistan, 92 3443786840.

Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan.

出版信息

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2025 Apr 17;13:e59884. doi: 10.2196/59884.


DOI:10.2196/59884
PMID:40245428
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12021373/
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Web-based pharmacy apps facilitate the electronic exchange of health-related supplies. They are digital platforms that run on websites and smartphones. Pakistan is experiencing significant progress in smartphone integration and digital services, leading to the expansion of the online pharmacy business. However, concerns remain over the legitimacy and precision of these apps. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to undertake a thorough assessment of digital pharmacy apps accessible in Pakistan. Specifically, our focus was on apps accessible via the Google Play Store and the iOS App Store. To fulfill this objective, an evaluation of these apps was performed using the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS). METHODS: A research investigation was conducted to analyze the online pharmacy apps in Pakistan. Initially, 50 apps were identified, but 10 were excluded for not meeting pre-established criteria, 10 were excluded for being in languages other than English, and 7 could not be downloaded. All paid and non-English apps were also excluded. A total of 23 apps were selected for the study, acquired via the Google Play Store and iOS App Store. The evaluation was conducted by 2 researchers who maintained independence from one another by using the MARS. RESULTS: Initially, 50 apps were identified, of which 27 were excluded for not meeting the predetermined criteria. A total of 23 apps were selected for the study, acquired via the Google Play Store and iOS App Store. Strong positive correlations between higher user engagement and better app functionality and information quality were observed. The average rating of the 23 apps ranged between 2.64 and 4.00 on a scale up to 5. The aesthetics dimension had the highest mean score of 3.6, while the information dimension had the lowest mean score of 3.2. For credibility and reliability, different tests (intraclass correlation, Cohen κ, Krippendorff α, and Cronbach α) on each dimension of the MARS were performed by using SPSS Statistics 27. The intraclass correlation of all MARS dimensions ranged from 0.702-0.913 (95% CI 0.521-0.943), the Cohen κ of all MARS dimensions ranged from 0.388-0.907 (95% CI 0.151-0.994), the Krippendorff α of all MARS dimensions ranged from 0.705-0.979 (95% CI 0.657-0.923), and Cronbach α had a lower score of 0.821 in the information dimension and a higher score of .911 in the subjective quality dimension of the MARS. CONCLUSIONS: This study evaluated online pharmacy apps in Pakistan by using the MARS. It is the first study on online pharmacy apps in Pakistan. The findings of the evaluation have provided insights into the reliability and efficacy of these apps.

摘要
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3b75/12021373/ddce8b78d4a6/mhealth-v13-e59884-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3b75/12021373/a882adca3109/mhealth-v13-e59884-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3b75/12021373/a4e015a40a09/mhealth-v13-e59884-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3b75/12021373/ddce8b78d4a6/mhealth-v13-e59884-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3b75/12021373/a882adca3109/mhealth-v13-e59884-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3b75/12021373/a4e015a40a09/mhealth-v13-e59884-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/3b75/12021373/ddce8b78d4a6/mhealth-v13-e59884-g003.jpg

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Trustworthiness of Web-Based Pharmacy Apps in Pakistan Based on the Mobile App Rating Scale: Content Analysis and Quality Evaluation.

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本文引用的文献

[1]
Promoting Health via mHealth Applications Using a French Version of the Mobile App Rating Scale: Adaptation and Validation Study.

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2021-8-31

[2]
Correction to: Online medication purchasing during the Covid-19 pandemic: a pilot study from the United Arab Emirates.

J Pharm Policy Pract. 2021-5-11

[3]
Understanding the factors influencing healthcare providers' burnout during the outbreak of COVID-19 in Jordanian hospitals.

J Pharm Policy Pract. 2020-9-22

[4]
Assessing knowledge, attitude, practice, and preparedness of hospital pharmacists in Lebanon towards COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

J Pharm Policy Pract. 2020-9-18

[5]
A Systematic Review of Smartphone Applications Available for Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID19) and the Assessment of their Quality Using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS).

J Med Syst. 2020-8-10

[6]
Identification of the awareness level by the public of Arab countries toward COVID-19: cross-sectional study following an outbreak.

J Pharm Policy Pract. 2020-7-15

[7]
Assessing Apps for Patients with Genitourinary Tumors Using the Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS): Systematic Search in App Stores and Content Analysis.

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2020-7-23

[8]
Implementing mHealth Interventions in a Resource-Constrained Setting: Case Study From Uganda.

JMIR Mhealth Uhealth. 2020-7-13

[9]
Quality Evaluation of English Mobile Applications for Gestational Diabetes: App Review using Mobile Application Rating Scale (MARS).

Curr Diabetes Rev. 2021

[10]
Features and Functionalities of Smartphone Apps Related to COVID-19: Systematic Search in App Stores and Content Analysis.

J Med Internet Res. 2020-8-25

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