Adıgüzel Emre, Yılmaz Şemsi Gül, Atabilen Büşra, Şeref Betül
Karamanoğlu Mehmetbey University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Karaman, Turkey.
Behav Brain Res. 2025 Jun 5;487:115595. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2025.115595. Epub 2025 Apr 15.
Anxiety disorders are one of the major conditions in psychiatry characterized by symptoms such as worry, social and performance fears, unexpected and/or triggered panic attacks, anticipatory anxiety, and avoidance behaviors. Recent developments have drawn attention to the putative involvement of peripheral systems in the control of anxiety, and the gut microbiota has come to light as an emerging peripheral target for anxiety. The relationship between the gut-brain axis, a bidirectional communication network between the central nervous system (CNS) and enteric nervous system (ENS), and anxiety has been the subject of some recent studies. Therefore, this systematic review analyzed clinical trials evaluating the potential of microbiome modulation methods in mitigating and ameliorating anxiety disorders. Clinical studies on probiotic, prebiotic, synbiotic supplements, dietary interventions, and fecal microbiota transplantation in anxiety disorders were screened. All of the studies examined the effects of probiotic intervention. One of these studies compared a prebiotic-rich diet with probiotic supplementation. Longitudinal analyses showed that the probiotic intervention alleviated anxiety. However, most of the controlled studies reported that the probiotic intervention did not make a difference compared to placebo. Thus, the current findings suggest that it is too early to consider the promising role of microbiome modulation in the treatment of anxiety disorders. However, it is obvious that more clinical research is needed to clarify issues such as probiotic strains, prebiotic types, and their doses that may be effective on anxiety disorders.
焦虑症是精神病学中的主要病症之一，其特征症状包括担忧、社交和表现恐惧、意外和/或触发的惊恐发作、预期焦虑以及回避行为。最近的进展使人们关注到外周系统在焦虑控制中的假定作用，肠道微生物群已成为焦虑症一个新出现的外周靶点。中枢神经系统（CNS）和肠神经系统（ENS）之间的双向通信网络——肠脑轴与焦虑之间的关系是最近一些研究的主题。因此，本系统评价分析了评估微生物群调节方法在减轻和改善焦虑症方面潜力的临床试验。筛选了关于焦虑症中益生菌、益生元、合生元补充剂、饮食干预和粪便微生物群移植的临床研究。所有研究均考察了益生菌干预的效果。其中一项研究将富含益生元的饮食与补充益生菌进行了比较。纵向分析表明，益生菌干预可减轻焦虑。然而，大多数对照研究报告称，与安慰剂相比，益生菌干预并无差异。因此，目前的研究结果表明，考虑微生物群调节在焦虑症治疗中的潜在作用还为时过早。然而，显然需要更多的临床研究来阐明可能对焦虑症有效的益生菌菌株、益生元类型及其剂量等问题。
