Yuan Xingxing, Li Chaofan, Gao Jiawei, Yang Liuxin, Wang Bingyu, Li Zhuying
First Clinical Medical College, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
Department of Medicine, Heilongjiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
J Asthma Allergy. 2025 Apr 12;18:545-558. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S509940. eCollection 2025.
Glycosylation, a fundamental biochemical process, entails the covalent attachment of sugar molecules to proteins, DNA, or RNA. Beginning with an overview of the pathophysiological features of asthma, this review proceeds to elucidate various facets of glycosylation in asthma pathology, specifically in T2 high asthma and Th17-mediated responses. We examined glycosylation's involvement in regulating airway inflammation, encompassing the modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine release such as IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, key components of T2 inflammation, as well as its significance in modulating immune cell functionality, notably T cells and dendritic cells. Moreover, we explored glycosylation's impact on airway remodeling processes, including its regulation of airway smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration. Addressing molecular mechanisms, this review delved into several glycosylation modifications of proteins and genes implicated in asthma pathogenesis, including IgE, IL-4 receptor, TGF-β, and the regulation of select glycosylation enzymes. Additionally, the review highlights the role of Th17 cells in T2 high asthma and their modulation through glycosylation. We underscored future research imperatives, including biomarker discovery, therapeutic realization, and the potential utility of glycosylation modifications in asthma prevention and management. In short, this review provides an in-depth analysis of the critical role of glycosylation in the pathogenesis of T2 high asthma and Th17 responses.
糖基化是一种基本的生化过程，涉及糖分子与蛋白质、DNA或RNA的共价连接。本综述首先概述哮喘的病理生理特征，接着阐明糖基化在哮喘病理中的各个方面，特别是在2型高哮喘和Th17介导的反应中。我们研究了糖基化在调节气道炎症中的作用，包括调节促炎细胞因子的释放，如白细胞介素-4、白细胞介素-5和白细胞介素-13，这些是2型炎症的关键成分，以及其在调节免疫细胞功能，特别是T细胞和树突状细胞功能方面的意义。此外，我们探讨了糖基化对气道重塑过程的影响，包括其对气道平滑肌细胞增殖和迁移的调节。针对分子机制，本综述深入研究了与哮喘发病机制相关的蛋白质和基因的几种糖基化修饰，包括免疫球蛋白E、白细胞介素-4受体、转化生长因子-β，以及特定糖基化酶的调节。此外，该综述强调了Th17细胞在2型高哮喘中的作用以及通过糖基化对其进行的调节。我们强调了未来的研究重点，包括生物标志物的发现、治疗的实现，以及糖基化修饰在哮喘预防和管理中的潜在应用。简而言之，本综述深入分析了糖基化在2型高哮喘发病机制和Th17反应中的关键作用。
