Cinotti Elisa, D'Onghia Martina, Calabrese Laura, Bardazzi Federico, Corazza Monica, Cozzani Emanuele C, Filippi Federica, Gabusi Andrea, Galluccio Giulia, Gasparini Giulia, Offidani Anna M, Papini Manuela, Parodi Aurora, Piaserico Stefano, Rubegni Pietro, Simonetti Oriana, Tartaglia Jacopo, Borghi Alessandro
Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Dermatology Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Neurological Science, University of Siena, Siena, Italy -
Ital J Dermatol Venerol. 2025 Apr;160(2):83-96. doi: 10.23736/S2784-8671.25.08143-5.
Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic inflammatory condition of uncertain etiology affecting oral mucosae by T-cell mediated chronic inflammation. It affects between 1% and 3% of the global population, predominantly middle-aged adults (50-60 years), with a higher incidence in women. The immune response is thought to target keratinocytes, leading to cell death, particularly through CD8+ T lymphocytes. OLP manifests in various clinical forms, such as reticular, papular, erosive, and atrophic, with the reticular subtype being the most common. Erosive OLP is the most severe, characterized by widespread oral erosions, while atrophic OLP often follows erosive stages, affecting the tongue with a depapillated surface. Currently, no curative treatment exists for OLP, and the management focuses on symptom relief, including reducing pain and discomfort. Thus, a multidisciplinary approach involving dermatologists, oral surgeons, and dentists is often required. For this reason, the scientific community represented in Italy by the Mucosal Diseases Study Group of SIDeMaST (Italian Society of Dermatology and Venereology) reports its experience in the management of OLP, providing clinical recommendations for dermatologists based on the latest scientific evidence to optimize the treatment and management of OLP.
口腔扁平苔藓（OLP）是一种病因不明的慢性炎症性疾病，通过T细胞介导的慢性炎症影响口腔黏膜。它影响全球1%至3%的人口，主要是中年成年人（50至60岁），女性发病率更高。免疫反应被认为以角质形成细胞为靶点，导致细胞死亡，特别是通过CD8 + T淋巴细胞。OLP有多种临床形式，如网状、丘疹状、糜烂性和萎缩性，其中网状亚型最为常见。糜烂性OLP最为严重，其特征是广泛的口腔糜烂，而萎缩性OLP通常继发于糜烂阶段，影响舌头，使其表面乳头消失。目前，尚无治愈OLP的方法，治疗重点是缓解症状，包括减轻疼痛和不适。因此，通常需要皮肤科医生、口腔外科医生和牙医采取多学科方法。出于这个原因，由意大利皮肤病与性病学会（SIDeMaST）黏膜疾病研究小组代表的科学界报告了其在OLP管理方面的经验，根据最新科学证据为皮肤科医生提供临床建议，以优化OLP的治疗和管理。
