Irwin Jennifer, Johnson Timothy J, Walters Jessica
North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Raleigh, NC 27606.
University of Minnesota, Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, Saint Paul, MN 55108.
Avian Dis. 2025 Apr;68(S1):461-468. doi: 10.1637/aviandiseases-D-24-00073.
(ORT) is a Gram-negative, pleomorphic rod-shaped bacterium that causes respiratory disease in the commercial poultry industry. This bacterium has been causing severe disease in chickens and turkeys since it emerged in the 1980s. In birds, increased mortality, reduced egg production, and loss in weight gain gives ORT the potential to have severe economic implications. In older birds, ORT causes more severe lesions and increases in mortality; therefore it is of particular concern in the breeder industry because infection and loss of production in breeders impact all stages of production. Despite the importance of ORT, few published studies have contributed to understanding of the diagnostics, treatment, and prevention of this disease. This review discusses the evolving landscape of ORT and summarizes an update on important issues related to ORT.
禽呼肠孤病毒（ORT）是一种革兰氏阴性、多形性杆状细菌，可在商业家禽业引发呼吸道疾病。自20世纪80年代出现以来，这种细菌一直在鸡和火鸡中引发严重疾病。在禽类中，死亡率增加、产蛋量减少以及体重增加受损，使禽呼肠孤病毒有可能产生严重的经济影响。在老龄禽类中，禽呼肠孤病毒会导致更严重的病变并增加死亡率；因此，它在种鸡行业尤其令人担忧，因为种鸡感染和生产损失会影响生产的各个阶段。尽管禽呼肠孤病毒很重要，但很少有已发表的研究有助于了解这种疾病的诊断、治疗和预防。本综述讨论了禽呼肠孤病毒不断变化的情况，并总结了与禽呼肠孤病毒相关重要问题的最新进展。
