Reiser R, Probstfield J L, Silvers A, Scott L W, Shorney M L, Wood R D, O'Brien B C, Gotto A M, Insull W
Am J Clin Nutr. 1985 Aug;42(2):190-7. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/42.2.190.
This study's purpose was to evaluate the fasting human plasma lipid and lipoprotein responses to dietary beef fat (BF) by comparison with coconut oil (CO) and safflower oil (SO), fats customarily classified as saturated and polyunsaturated. Nineteen free-living normolipidemic men aged 25.6 +/- 3.5 yr consumed centrally-prepared lunches and dinners of common foods having 35% fat calories, 60% of which was the test fat. The test fats were isocalorically substituted, and each fed for five weeks in random sequences with intervening five weeks of habitual diets. Plasma total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) concentrations among individuals follows the same relative rank regardless of diet. Triglycerides (TG) concentrations among individuals also maintain their relative rank regardless of diet but in a different order from that of the cholesterols. Plasma TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C responses to BF were significantly lower and TG higher than to CO. As compared to SO, BF produced equivalent levels of TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C and marginally higher TC. Thus, the customary consideration of BF as "saturated" and grouping it with CO appears unwarranted.
本研究的目的是通过与通常被归类为饱和脂肪的椰子油（CO）和多不饱和脂肪的红花油（SO）进行比较，评估禁食的人体血浆脂质和脂蛋白对膳食牛肉脂肪（BF）的反应。19名年龄在25.6±3.5岁的自由生活的血脂正常男性食用了由中心制备的午餐和晚餐，这些普通食物含有35%的脂肪热量，其中60%是受试脂肪。受试脂肪以等热量方式替代，并以随机顺序各喂食五周，期间穿插五周的习惯饮食。无论饮食如何，个体之间的血浆总胆固醇（TC）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL-C）浓度都遵循相同的相对排名。个体之间的甘油三酯（TG）浓度也无论饮食如何都保持其相对排名，但顺序与胆固醇不同。血浆TC、HDL-C和LDL-C对BF的反应显著低于对CO的反应，而TG则高于对CO的反应。与SO相比，BF产生的TG、HDL-C和LDL-C水平相当，TC略高。因此，将BF习惯性地视为“饱和”脂肪并将其与CO归为一类似乎是没有根据的。
