Alyafrusee Enas Senan, Zheng Bowen, Al-Hadad Saba Ahmed, Al-Tayar Barakat, Sharhan Hasan M, Younis Hamza, Alhammadi Maged S, Liu Yi
School and Hospital of Stomatology, Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110002, China.
Shenyang Clinical Medical Research Center of Orthodontic Disease, Shenyang, 110002, China.
BMC Oral Health. 2025 Apr 19;25(1):603. doi: 10.1186/s12903-025-05899-2.
Dental anomalies significantly impact oral structures, particularly impacted maxillary central incisors. These anomalies can complicate interactions with nearby anatomical features like the incisive canal and nasal cavity. Accordingly, this study aimed to three-dimensionally and comprehensively assess the effects of dilacerated impacted maxillary central incisors on the characteristics of incisive canal and nasal cavity.
A seventeen cone-beam computed tomography images with an average age of 8.98 ± 0.925 years were classified into a control group and a dilacerated impacted maxillary central incisor group (DIMCI group), each containing 35 patients. A linear, angular, and volume measurements of the incisive canal and nasal cavity were measured using Mimics 21 and Anatomage Invivo Dental 6.0 software. The incisive canal measurements were performed at three levels: H1, the lowest point of the incisive canal buccal wall; H2, midlevel; H3, root apex level.
The incisive canal volume was significantly lower in the DIMCI group compared to the control group, measuring 109.39 ± 12.28 versus 93.17 ± 12.72 mm³, respectively. Furthermore, the incisive canal widths at the palatal opening and levels H2 and H3 were significantly reduced in the DIMCI group compared to the control group (P < 0.05). Additionally, the contralateral central incisor's angulation was considerably greater (113.18 ± 2.77 vs. 109.09 ± 3.74°), and the anterior nasal floor was significantly narrower (12.27 ± 1.60 vs. 13.61 ± 1.57 mm) in the DIMCI group than in the control group.
The impaction of the maxillary central incisor is related to an increased buccal inclination of the contralateral central incisor and decreased anterior nasal floor width in pediatric patients, indicating a potential need for maxillary expansion. Moreover, a precise evaluation of the incisive canal is necessary for safe management during surgical exposure and orthodontic treatment.
牙齿异常会对口腔结构产生重大影响，尤其是上颌中切牙阻生。这些异常会使与切牙管和鼻腔等附近解剖结构的相互作用变得复杂。因此，本研究旨在三维全面评估上颌中切牙牙根弯曲阻生对切牙管和鼻腔特征的影响。
选取17例平均年龄为8.98±0.925岁的锥形束计算机断层扫描图像，分为对照组和上颌中切牙牙根弯曲阻生组（DIMCI组），每组35例患者。使用Mimics 21和Anatomage Invivo Dental 6.0软件对切牙管和鼻腔进行线性、角度和体积测量。切牙管测量在三个水平进行：H1，切牙管颊侧壁最低点；H2，中间水平；H3，根尖水平。
DIMCI组的切牙管体积显著低于对照组，分别为109.39±12.28与93.17±12.72mm³。此外，与对照组相比，DIMCI组切牙管腭侧开口处及H2和H3水平的宽度显著减小（P<0.05）。此外，DIMCI组对侧中切牙的角度明显更大（113.18±2.77与109.09±3.74°），前鼻底明显更窄（12.27±1.60与13.61±1.57mm）。
上颌中切牙阻生与儿童患者对侧中切牙颊侧倾斜增加和前鼻底宽度减小有关，表明可能需要进行上颌扩弓。此外，在手术暴露和正畸治疗期间进行安全管理时，精确评估切牙管是必要的。
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