Arcega-Cabrera Flor, Martínez-Trejo José Andrés, Noreña-Barroso Elsa, Rodríguez-Fuentes Gabriela, Oceguera-Vargas Ismael
Unidad de Química en Sisal, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. Puerto de Abrigo S/N, 97355, Sisal, Yucatan, Mexico.
Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Ciudad Universitaria 3000, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Coyoacán, Mexico.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2025 Apr 21;114(5):66. doi: 10.1007/s00128-025-04040-x.
Pollutant input to groundwater could result in karstic aquifers water quality degradation. In the karstic aquifer of Yucatan several anthropogenic activities take place without water sanitation or waste management, thus, these activities could be a source of contaminants to sinkholes (locally known as "cenotes"), which are the most relevant features in the karstic platform. In this context, this study monitored total n-alkanes (TAL) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in sediments of sinkholes at the ring of cenotes in Yucatan over a two year full hydrologic cycle (rainy-dry-rainy-dry seasons). Total PAHs measured in this study ranged from 1.7 to 1450 ng/g, and from 0.01 to 7520.8 ng/g for TAL. Spatially significant variations were only found between the eastern and central zones in dry season, probably as result of the environmental and hydrological changes. Main probable origin of hydrocarbons was found to be pyrogenic, resulting from local customs such as constant garbage burning and seasonal farmfields burning. Although PAHs did not show concentrations of concern yet, current socioeconomic development and no water sanitation envisages future threats to the karstic aquifer water quality for human supply.
污染物进入地下水会导致岩溶泉含水层水质恶化。在尤卡坦半岛的岩溶泉含水层，一些人为活动在没有水卫生设施或废物管理的情况下进行，因此，这些活动可能成为污染物进入落水洞（当地称为“cenotes”）的来源，而落水洞是岩溶台地最显著的特征。在此背景下，本研究在两年的完整水文周期（雨季 - 旱季 - 雨季 - 旱季）内，对尤卡坦半岛岩溶泉环带上落水洞沉积物中的总正构烷烃（TAL）和多环芳烃（PAHs）进行了监测。本研究中测得的总PAHs范围为1.7至1450 ng/g，TAL为0.01至7520.8 ng/g。仅在旱季发现东部和中部区域之间存在显著的空间差异，这可能是环境和水文变化的结果。发现碳氢化合物的主要可能来源是热解，这是由当地习俗导致的，如持续焚烧垃圾和季节性焚烧农田。尽管PAHs目前尚未显示出令人担忧的浓度，但当前的社会经济发展以及缺乏水卫生设施预示着未来人类供水的岩溶泉含水层水质将面临威胁。
