Deng Kai-Peng, He Jun-Guo, Jiang Wei-Xun, Liu Xin-Ping, Gong Zhi-Han, Zhang Yu, Xu Ya-Qing
College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Environ Technol. 2025 Aug;46(19):3918-3929. doi: 10.1080/09593330.2025.2482078. Epub 2025 Apr 21.
This study investigated iron oxide-loaded powdered activated carbon (FONP-PAC) with varying Fe/C ratios (FC1 in S1, FC2 in S2) in aerobic granular sludge (AGS) systems. S2 achieved the fastest sludge growth, reaching 1106 μm by day 80 (87.14% larger than control S0). During stable operation, S2 exhibited superior pollutant removal: 95.96% COD, 100% NH4+-N, and 79.53% TN removal, alongside the highest aerobic denitrification rate (9.93 mg·gVSS⁻¹·h⁻¹, 71.68% above S0). Comparatively, S1 showed slightly lower efficiencies (94.20% COD, 100% NH4+-N, 71.50% TN) and denitrification activity (8.35 mg·gVSS⁻¹·h⁻¹). Microbial analysis revealed enriched Bacteroidota phyla and sustained Zoogloea genus abundance in FONP-PAC reactors. Higher iron oxide loading enhanced interspecies electron transfer, accelerating granule growth and nitrogen removal. Larger granules in S2 promoted stratified microbial niches, improving oxygen gradient-dependent processes like simultaneous nitrification-denitrification. These findings demonstrate that optimized FONP-PAC dosing strengthens sludge structure and metabolic synergy, achieving dual benefits of rapid granulation and high-efficiency nutrient removal through physicochemical-microbial interactions. The study provides insights into nano-material mediated AGS enhancement for wastewater treatment optimization.HighlightsThe threshold effect of nano-iron oxide loading on the granulation rate of AGS (Anaerobic Granular Sludge) was revealed.The mechanism by which FONP-PAC (Functionalized Oxide Nanoparticles-Polymeric Aluminum Chloride) promotes interspecies electron transfer through a conductive network was elucidatedA strategy for the targeted enrichment of Thauera and Zoogloea by the material was proposed.
本研究在好氧颗粒污泥（AGS）系统中考察了不同铁碳比（S1中的FC1、S2中的FC2）的载氧化铁粉末活性炭（FONP-PAC）。S2的污泥生长速度最快，到第80天达到1106μm（比对照S0大87.14%）。在稳定运行期间，S2表现出卓越的污染物去除效果：化学需氧量（COD）去除率为95.96%、氨氮（NH4+-N）去除率为100%、总氮（TN）去除率为79.53%，同时好氧反硝化速率最高（9.93 mg·gVSS⁻¹·h⁻¹，比S0高71.68%）。相比之下，S1的效率略低（COD去除率为94.20%、NH4+-N去除率为100%、TN去除率为71.50%），反硝化活性也较低（8.35 mg·gVSS⁻¹·h⁻¹）。微生物分析表明，FONP-PAC反应器中拟杆菌门丰富，动胶菌属丰度持续存在。更高的氧化铁负载量增强了种间电子传递，加速了颗粒生长和氮去除。S2中较大的颗粒促进了分层微生物生态位，改善了诸如同步硝化反硝化等依赖氧梯度的过程。这些发现表明，优化的FONP-PAC投加量可强化污泥结构和代谢协同作用，通过物理化学-微生物相互作用实现快速造粒和高效养分去除的双重效益。该研究为纳米材料介导的AGS强化以优化废水处理提供了见解。
重点
揭示了纳米氧化铁负载量对AGS（厌氧颗粒污泥）造粒速率的阈值效应。
阐明了FONP-PAC（功能化氧化物纳米颗粒-聚合氯化铝）通过导电网络促进种间电子传递的机制。
提出了该材料靶向富集陶厄氏菌属和动胶菌属的策略。
