Harrison G A
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1985 Jul;56(7):651-3.
Difficulties in defining stress stem from its subjective nature. Measurements of stress based on its effects on physical and mental morbidity tend to be speculative because of the multifactorial causation of stress-related diseases, and the characteristically long time-lag between stress states and morbidity. In this study catecholamine output was measured in a group of adults Oxfordshire villagers and the observed variations were related to their lifestyles and health perceptions. A marked circadian variation was observed with adrenaline showing the most marked associations with lifestyle. In men it was possible to account for a relatively high proportion of the variation in adrenaline excretion by relating values to certain factors associated with stress. In women there appears to be a similar association between adrenaline output and the social class of the husband. Data were also obtained on sleep characteristics, which were assessed with regard to lifestyle. Very broadly, sleep duration is related to the level of waking activity, while sleep latency and quality are correlated with people's self-perception of health.
压力定义的困难源于其主观性。基于压力对身心健康发病率的影响来衡量压力往往具有推测性，这是因为与压力相关疾病的病因是多因素的，而且压力状态与发病率之间通常存在较长的时间滞后。在本研究中，对一组牛津郡成年村民的儿茶酚胺分泌量进行了测量，并将观察到的变化与其生活方式和健康认知相关联。观察到明显的昼夜节律变化，肾上腺素与生活方式的关联最为显著。在男性中，通过将肾上腺素排泄量的变化值与某些与压力相关的因素联系起来，可以解释相对较高比例的变化。在女性中，肾上腺素分泌量与丈夫的社会阶层之间似乎也存在类似的关联。还获得了关于睡眠特征的数据，并根据生活方式对其进行了评估。总体而言，睡眠时间与清醒活动水平相关，而睡眠潜伏期和质量则与人们对自身健康的认知相关。
