D'Angelo G, Stahl P D, Raposo G
Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Sorbonne University, CNRS, UMR144, Cell Biology and Cancer, 75005, Paris, France.
Dept. of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
Curr Opin Cell Biol. 2025 Jun;94:102519. doi: 10.1016/j.ceb.2025.102519. Epub 2025 Apr 22.
Extracellular vesicle (EV) research has expanded beyond traditional boundaries, evolving into an inter-kingdom endeavor. First described over 50 years ago, EVs are now recognized as playing diverse roles in basic cellular functions, such as intercellular communication, transport, and cell migration. Their biogenesis and secretion involve complex molecular processes, with cargos that include proteins, lipids, and genetic material. Despite advances, isolation and purification methods are still developing. EVs are present in all body fluids, with different subtypes fulfilling distinct roles. Nonetheless, in biological ecosystems, vesicle diversity can be seen as a strength where each one complements the other in the dialogue between cells and tissues. The involvement of EVs in homeostasis and disease and their well-recognized potential for diagnosis and therapeutics will continue to boost investigations to reveal their fundamental biology.
细胞外囊泡（EV）研究已超越传统界限，发展成为一项跨领域的工作。50多年前首次被描述，如今EV被认为在基本细胞功能中发挥着多种作用，如细胞间通讯、运输和细胞迁移。它们的生物发生和分泌涉及复杂的分子过程，其货物包括蛋白质、脂质和遗传物质。尽管取得了进展，但分离和纯化方法仍在不断发展。EV存在于所有体液中，不同亚型发挥着不同的作用。然而，在生物生态系统中，囊泡多样性可被视为一种优势，其中每个囊泡在细胞与组织之间的对话中相互补充。EV参与体内平衡和疾病以及它们在诊断和治疗方面公认的潜力将继续推动研究以揭示其基本生物学特性。
