Jing Wenmao, Ren Xiaofeng, Kastridis Aristeidis, Koutsianitis Dimitrios, Smith C Ken, Amoah Isaac Dennis
Gansu Qilian Mountain Water Conservation Forest Research Institute, Zhangye, 734000, China.
Qilian Mountain Eco-Environment Research Center of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Apr 23;15(1):14090. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-98509-8.
To examine the influence of hydrometeorological factors on forest ecosystems, this study focused on the growth response of the Qinghai spruce (Picea crassifolia Kom.) to hydrometeorological factors, such as soil moisture, relative humidity, vapor pressure deficit, temperature, precipitation and wind speed, in a mountainous watershed. The Dayekou watershed, which is situated in the Qilian Mountains, was used to study the increase in stem diameter based on the daily-monthly fluctuations, cumulative growth, and stem diameter expansion in response to hydrometeorological parameters. The stem diameters of six dominant trees (categorized in three classes) were recorded using the Dendrometer DRL26 tree stem diameter growth monitor and combined with hydrometeorological monitoring data. The influence of hydrometeorological factors on stem diameter growth was statistically analyzed. The results indicated that the daily fluctuation of stem diameter growth of Qinghai spruce exhibited a parabolic pattern, which could be divided into three stages: contraction (from 10:00 to 21:00), expanding (from 21:00 to 5:00 the following day), and growth (from 5:00 to 11:00 the following day). The monthly stem diameter growth also exhibited a trend, which could be divided into three stages: initial growth (May), rapid expansion (June-July) and slow growth (August-October). At a 40 cm depth, soil water content, air humidity, and atmospheric pressure all showed positive correlations with stem diameter growth (P < 0.01), while saturated water pressure differential, wind speed, and photosynthetically active radiation showed negative correlations (P < 0.01). Our results demonstrated that relative air humidity, soil moisture, air temperature, and atmospheric pressure at a 40 cm depth had the highest impact on the Qinghai spruce's growth in stem diameter. Changes in these hydrometeorological factors due to potential climate change will affect forest growth in the future.
为研究水文气象因素对森林生态系统的影响，本研究聚焦于青海云杉（Picea crassifolia Kom.）在山区流域对土壤湿度、相对湿度、水汽压差、温度、降水和风速等水文气象因素的生长响应。位于祁连山脉的大野口流域被用于基于日-月波动、累积生长以及茎直径扩张对水文气象参数的响应来研究茎直径的增加情况。使用DRL26树木茎直径生长监测仪记录了六棵优势树（分为三类）的茎直径，并结合水文气象监测数据。对水文气象因素对茎直径生长的影响进行了统计分析。结果表明，青海云杉茎直径生长的日波动呈现抛物线模式，可分为三个阶段：收缩期（10:00至21:00）、扩张期（21:00至次日5:00）和生长阶段（次日5:00至11:00）。月茎直径生长也呈现一种趋势，可分为三个阶段：初始生长（5月）、快速扩张（6 - 7月）和缓慢生长（8 - 10月）。在40厘米深度处，土壤含水量、空气湿度和大气压力均与茎直径生长呈正相关（P < 0.01），而饱和水汽压差、风速和光合有效辐射呈负相关（P < 0.01）。我们的结果表明，40厘米深度处的相对空气湿度、土壤湿度、气温和大气压力对青海云杉茎直径生长的影响最大。未来，这些水文气象因素因潜在气候变化而发生的变化将影响森林生长。
