Cai Wenyu, He Yilin, Li Guohua, Zhang Dengqing, Chen Zimin, Jin Shijia, Zhang Yifan, Chen Zhong
Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Fujian, Jinjiang, Fujian, 362200, P.R. China.
Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200233, P.R. China.
BMC Cardiovasc Disord. 2025 Apr 24;25(1):313. doi: 10.1186/s12872-025-04752-2.
S100A12 acts as a pro-inflammatory agent in vivo, with a close relationship with plaque formation in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), end-stage renal disease, and diabetes. Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) can lead to mobility difficulties and ultimately disability and amputation. The association between S100A12 and risk of peripheral arterial disease remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the association between S100A12 and the risk of PAD in patients with dyslipidemia.
From March 2023 to June 2024, 478 patients were included in this cross-sectional study. They were divided into PAD group (n = 105) and control group (n = 373) according to the presence or absence of PAD (The diagnosis of PAD is a combination of the patient's clinical symptoms, imaging evidence and ankle-brachial index). Plasma S100A12 was detected by available kit. General information, disease history, smoking history, and laboratory indicators were collected from both groups. The relationship between S100A12 and the risk of PAD was analyzed using statistical methods.
Levels of S100A12 were significantly higher in the PAD group of dyslipidemia [0.22 (0.13,1.49) ng/cL vs. 0.13 (0.10,0.18)ng/cL, p value < 0.001]. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses suggested that the risk of PAD was significantly higher with increasing levels of S100A12 [Odd ratio (OR) (95%CI) = 2.264 (1.681, 3.047), p value < 0.05]. In addition, lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level and diabetes mellitus (DM) were independent risk factors for PAD [OR (95%CI) = 0.388 (0.186,0.809), p value = 0.012; OR = 2.375 (1.527,3.695), p value < 0.001]. Subgroup analysis suggested that S100A12 was significantly and positively associated with the risk of PAD in all subgroups, regardless of whether HDL-C levels < 1.03 mmol/L, age > 60 years, and presence of diabetes or hypertension. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) curves suggested that the correlation between S100A12 and the risk of PAD was nonlinear (p-non-linear value < 0.05). The RCS curves showed that the positive correlation between S100A12 and the risk of PAD was stronger when the S100A12 level was less than 1.00ng/cL.
In conclusion, elevated S100A12 level is an independent risk factor for PAD in patients with dyslipidemia. In different subgroups, S100A12 was significantly and positively associated with the risk of PAD after adjusting for different factors. There is a non-linear relationship between S100A12 and the risk of PAD, with a stronger positive correlation at S100A12 levels below 1.00ng/cL. These findings implied that S100A12 is a potential biomarker for identifying patients with dyslipidemia who are at high risk of developing PAD. They also implied that S100A12 levels can be routinely monitored in dyslipidemic populations for the early detection of PAD and to guide the management of PAD. Finally, the results of this study emphasize that inflammation in dyslipidemia patients plays an important role in the development of PAD, suggesting that lipid control and immunomodulation may be effective in the prevention of PAD.
MR-35-24-038431.
S100A12在体内作为一种促炎因子，与急性冠状动脉综合征（ACS）、终末期肾病和糖尿病患者的斑块形成密切相关。外周动脉疾病（PAD）可导致行动困难，并最终导致残疾和截肢。S100A12与外周动脉疾病风险之间的关联仍不清楚。本研究旨在探讨S100A12与血脂异常患者发生PAD风险之间的关联。
2023年3月至2024年6月，478例患者纳入本横断面研究。根据是否存在PAD将其分为PAD组（n = 105）和对照组（n = 373）（PAD的诊断是结合患者的临床症状、影像学证据和踝臂指数）。采用现有试剂盒检测血浆S100A12。收集两组的一般信息、病史、吸烟史和实验室指标。采用统计学方法分析S100A12与PAD风险之间的关系。
血脂异常的PAD组中S100A12水平显著更高[0.22（0.13，1.49）ng/cL vs. 0.13（0.10，0.18）ng/cL，p值<0.001]。单因素和多因素逻辑回归分析表明，随着S100A12水平升高，PAD风险显著更高[比值比（OR）（95%CI）= 2.264（1.681，3.047），p值<0.05]。此外，较低的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）水平和糖尿病（DM）是PAD的独立危险因素[OR（95%CI）= 0.388（0.186，0.809），p值= 0.012；OR = 2.375（1.527，3.695），p值<0.001]。亚组分析表明，无论HDL-C水平<1.03 mmol/L、年龄>60岁以及是否存在糖尿病或高血压，S100A12在所有亚组中均与PAD风险显著正相关。限制立方样条（RCS）曲线表明，S100A12与PAD风险之间的相关性是非线性的（p-非线性值<0.05）。RCS曲线显示，当S100A12水平低于1.00 ng/cL时，S100A12与PAD风险之间的正相关性更强。
总之，S100A12水平升高是血脂异常患者发生PAD的独立危险因素。在不同亚组中，调整不同因素后，S100A12与PAD风险显著正相关。S100A12与PAD风险之间存在非线性关系，在S100A12水平低于1.00 ng/cL时正相关性更强。这些发现表明，S100A12是识别有发生PAD高风险的血脂异常患者的潜在生物标志物。它们还表明，可在血脂异常人群中常规监测S100A12水平，以早期发现PAD并指导PAD的管理。最后，本研究结果强调血脂异常患者的炎症在PAD发生中起重要作用，提示血脂控制和免疫调节可能对预防PAD有效。
MR-35-24-038431。
