Macdonald J B
Thorax. 1977 Feb;32(1):1-4. doi: 10.1136/thx.32.1.1.
Ninety-seven cultures of Myco, tuberculosis referred to the Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory, Cardiff during 1972-73 and found to be resistant to rifampicin or ethambutol were studied. Resistance to each drug appeared equally common. Few lower grades of rifampicin resistance occurred, cultures tending to be either fully sensitive or highly resistant. Intermediate grades of ethambutol resistance, however, were common, and a majority of highly resistant cultures were preceded by cultures showing lower grades of resistance. Case-notes were obtained on 84 patients (87%) and revealed no cases of primary resistance. In the three years since first developing resistance 36% of patients died: in the majority tuberculosis was a major cause of death. Half the patients had been prescribed unsatisfactory drug regimens containing rifampicin or ethambutol by their physicians, and only a small minority were considered to have co-operated well. One-third had discharged themselves from hospital against medical advice and only 21% attended clinics regularly. These two factors probably accounted for the development of resistance in most cases.
1972 - 1973年期间，97株结核分枝杆菌培养物被送往加的夫结核病参考实验室，结果发现它们对利福平或乙胺丁醇耐药，并对其进行了研究。对每种药物的耐药情况似乎同样常见。利福平低等级耐药情况较少，培养物往往要么完全敏感，要么高度耐药。然而，乙胺丁醇中等程度耐药情况很常见，大多数高度耐药培养物之前都有显示较低等级耐药的培养物。对84名患者（87%）进行了病例记录，未发现原发性耐药病例。自首次出现耐药后的三年里，36%的患者死亡：大多数情况下，结核病是主要死因。一半患者的医生曾为其开出含利福平或乙胺丁醇的不理想药物治疗方案，只有一小部分患者被认为配合良好。三分之一的患者自行出院，违背了医嘱，只有21%的患者定期到诊所就诊。这两个因素可能是大多数病例产生耐药性的原因。
