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压缩脱水成型：一种基于流变学驱动生产复杂形状预制水泥制品的方法。

Compression Dewatering Forming: A Rheology-Driven Approach to Produce Complex-Shaped Prefabricated Cement Products.

作者信息

Xia Chunlei, Ran Qianping, Zhang Xiongfei, Wang Xiaorong

机构信息

Beijing Municipal Engineering Research Institute, Beijing 100037, China.

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2025 Apr 2;18(7):1607. doi: 10.3390/ma18071607.

DOI:10.3390/ma18071607
PMID:40271850
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11990270/
Abstract

With the development of prefabricated buildings, complex-shaped cement products, represented by heating-type elevated floors, have appeared on the market. These cement products can only be produced by the pouring method, with low efficiency and poor precision. Among the existing processing methods for preparing cement products, compression dewatering offers the greatest ability to produce cement products with complex shapes. However, the pressed mixing material comprises a plastic fresh mortar, which inherently lacks fluidity, making it difficult to completely fill the cavity of the shaped mold. Few studies have been conducted on the experimental method and design ratios of mortar for the compression dewatering process in the industry, with no effective solution. To achieve the efficient production of complex-shaped cement products, this study explored the experimental method of testing the strength and flowability of mortar formed through compression dewatering as the forming process. Mortar ratios suitable for producing complex-shaped cement products using the compression dewatering process were determined, the relationship between material rheology and product forming performance was analyzed, and the influence of the compression process on the strength and micro-properties was studied. Finally, a cement-based heating-type elevated floor forming technology was developed, offering a novel approach for the efficient forming of complex-shaped cement products.

摘要

随着装配式建筑的发展，以加热型架空地板为代表的异形水泥制品已出现在市场上。这些水泥制品只能采用浇筑法生产，生产效率低且精度差。在现有的水泥制品制备加工方法中，模压脱水法生产异形水泥制品的能力最强。然而，模压混合料为塑性新拌砂浆，其本身流动性差，难以完全填充异形模具的型腔。目前行业内针对模压脱水工艺的砂浆试验方法及设计配比研究较少，尚无有效的解决办法。为实现异形水泥制品的高效生产，本研究探索了以模压脱水为成型工艺的砂浆强度和流动性测试试验方法。确定了适合采用模压脱水工艺生产异形水泥制品的砂浆配比，分析了材料流变学与制品成型性能之间的关系，研究了模压工艺对强度和微观性能的影响。最终开发出一种水泥基加热型架空地板成型技术，为异形水泥制品的高效成型提供了一种新方法。

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本文引用的文献

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A Rheological Model for Evaluating the Behavior of Shear Thickening of Highly Flowable Mortar.用于评估高流态砂浆剪切变稠行为的流变学模型。
Molecules. 2021 Feb 14;26(4):1011. doi: 10.3390/molecules26041011.