一项关于祖父母照顾者对孙辈喂养责任及行为的形成性研究。
A formative study of grandparent caregivers' grandchild feeding responsibilities and practices.
作者信息
Varela Elder Garcia, Clayson Michelle E, Weeks Heidi M, Ramos Carmen, Birditt Kira S, Laska Melissa N, Haines Jess, Miller Alison L, Bauer Katherine W
机构信息
Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America.
出版信息
Eat Behav. 2025 Apr;57:101982. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101982. Epub 2025 Apr 21.
BACKGROUND
In the US, grandparents are increasingly living with their grandchildren in multigenerational households and/or providing their grandchildren with regular childcare. However, our understanding of the potential for these grandparents to influence children's nutrition and weight status is limited. This formative study aimed to 1) describe the scope of caregiving grandparents' grandchild-focused food responsibilities and practices, including agreement and discordance with parents' food parenting practices, and 2) assess the internal reliability and acceptability of an adapted CFPQ to measure grandparents' food parenting practices.
METHODS
Thirty-two grandparents residing with and/or providing regular childcare for their 3 to 5-year-old grandchild enrolled. Data from interviews and closed-ended survey questions were analyzed to identify prevalent food-related responsibilities and practices. Grandparents also completed an adapted version of the CFPQ and provided feedback on applicability and face validity.
RESULTS
Over 80 % of grandparents were at least "sometimes" responsible for planning, preparing, and serving meals and snacks to their grandchild. Cooking, baking, and eating together were common. While many grandparents reported agreeing with their grandchild's parents' food parenting practices, others felt parents were either too lax or too strict. Only 5 of 12 subscales of the CFPQ demonstrated strong internal reliability when used with grandparents; some grandparents reported difficulty completing the CFPQ as they were not with the grandchildren for all eating occasions, and their feeding practices varied over time.
CONCLUSION
Many caregiving grandparents have significant responsibility for their grandchildren's nutrition environments. Identifying how grandparents' food responsibilities and practices influence children's nutrition and weight status, independently and in conjunction with parents' practices, is a high priority. Grandparent-specific measures of food parenting are needed to advance this research.
背景
在美国，祖父母越来越多地与孙辈生活在多代同堂的家庭中，和/或定期为孙辈提供 childcare。然而，我们对这些祖父母影响孩子营养和体重状况的可能性的了解有限。这项形成性研究旨在：1）描述照顾孙辈的祖父母以孙辈为中心的食物责任和做法的范围，包括与父母的食物养育做法的一致和不一致之处；2）评估改编后的儿童食物养育问卷（CFPQ）在测量祖父母食物养育做法方面的内部信度和可接受性。
方法
招募了 32 位与 3 至 5 岁孙辈一起生活和/或定期为其提供 childcare 的祖父母。对访谈和封闭式调查问卷的数据进行分析，以确定普遍存在的与食物相关的责任和做法。祖父母还完成了改编版的 CFPQ，并就适用性和表面效度提供了反馈。
结果
超过 80%的祖父母至少“有时”负责为孙辈计划、准备和提供膳食及零食。一起做饭、烘焙和用餐很常见。虽然许多祖父母表示同意孙辈父母的食物养育做法，但也有一些人觉得父母要么过于宽松，要么过于严格。CFPQ 的 12 个分量表中只有 5 个在用于祖父母时显示出较强的内部信度；一些祖父母表示难以完成 CFPQ，因为他们并非在所有用餐场合都与孙辈在一起，而且他们的喂养方式随时间而变化。
结论
许多照顾孙辈的祖父母对孙辈的营养环境负有重大责任。确定祖父母的食物责任和做法如何独立以及与父母的做法共同影响孩子的营养和体重状况是当务之急。需要针对祖父母的食物养育特定测量方法来推进这项研究。
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