Hamed Doaa A
Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt.
BMC Microbiol. 2025 Apr 24;25(1):242. doi: 10.1186/s12866-025-03931-7.
Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a nanofibrils macromolecule that possesses unique properties and versatile applications in various fields. For commercial production, agro-industrial wastes were used as sustainable and cost effective alternative sources. Annually, a great amount of frying oil wastes are produced worldwide and disposed illegally resulting in huge environmental disasters. In this regard, the study aimed to investigate the effect of different concentration and increasing doses of gamma irradiation on the potential utilization of emulsified FOW as carbon source for BC production. In addition to tracking the behavior of SCOBY and BCM formation process in the presence of FOW.
The effect of different factors including; concentrations of FOW, incubation period emulsification ratios and gamma irradiation on BC production were investigated and estimated gravimetrically. In addition, the manner of the cellulose membrane formation was closely tracked and was documented by photos.
The data proved that the symbiotic culture (SCOBY), has the ability to utilize frying oil wastes as a sole carbon source. Addition of 1% FOW resulted in (12.1%) increasing the BCM dry weight (2.81 to 3.15 gL- 1 in SWM, while the addition of 1% of the emulsified oil (FOW/E) recording (32.6%) increase in BC dry weight compared with control (5.33 and 4.02 gL- 1, respectively). Further increase in FOW/E concentration (> 2-5%) resulted in a significant gradual decreases (39%) in BC dry weight (from 5.33 to 3.25 gL- 1). Whereas, increasing the incubation period (21- days) resulted in a significant increase in BCM dry weight from 3.79 to 5.32 gL- 1 (40.4%). The effect of gamma irradiation (0-50 kGy) of FOW/E showed an increase in BCM dry weight (2.5%) at dose 10 kGy, while recorded (34.1%) increase compared with control (without FOW). The critical moments of SCOBY while struggling for surviving to gain the oxygen and nutrients required for BC biosynthesis in the presence of FOW have been documented photographically.
The present study positively contributes to the field of BC biosynthesis, where the FOW was added to the other agro-industrial wastes as a source of carbon for BC production, in addition to its potential application in the future in bioremediation for controlling environmental pollution.
细菌纤维素（BC）是一种纳米纤维大分子，具有独特的性能，在各个领域有着广泛的应用。在商业生产中，农业工业废弃物被用作可持续且具有成本效益的替代来源。每年，全球都会产生大量煎炸废油，这些废油被非法处置，导致巨大的环境灾难。在这方面，本研究旨在探讨不同浓度和递增剂量的γ射线辐照对乳化煎炸废油作为BC生产碳源的潜在利用的影响。此外，还追踪了在存在煎炸废油的情况下共生菌膜（SCOBY）和细菌纤维素膜（BCM）形成过程的行为。
研究并通过重量法估算了包括煎炸废油浓度、培养期、乳化比例和γ射线辐照等不同因素对BC生产的影响。此外，密切追踪纤维素膜的形成方式，并拍照记录。
数据证明共生培养物（SCOBY）有能力将煎炸废油用作唯一碳源。添加1%的煎炸废油使细菌纤维素膜干重增加了12.1%（在静态水培养基中从2.81 g/L增加到3.15 g/L），而添加1%的乳化油（FOW/E）时，细菌纤维素干重与对照相比增加了32.6%（分别为5.33 g/L和4.02 g/L）。进一步提高FOW/E浓度（>2 - 5%）导致细菌纤维素干重显著逐渐下降39%（从5.33 g/L降至3.25 g/L）。而延长培养期（21天）导致细菌纤维素膜干重从3.79 g/L显著增加到5.32 g/L（40.4%）。FOW/E的γ射线辐照（0 - 50 kGy）效果显示，在10 kGy剂量下细菌纤维素膜干重增加了2.5%，而与对照（无煎炸废油）相比增加了34.1%。已通过照片记录了SCOBY在存在煎炸废油的情况下为获取细菌纤维素生物合成所需的氧气和营养而努力存活的关键时刻。
本研究对细菌纤维素生物合成领域做出了积极贡献，其中煎炸废油除了在未来生物修复控制环境污染方面具有潜在应用外，还被添加到其他农业工业废弃物中作为细菌纤维素生产的碳源。
