Mitchell M A
Br Poult Sci. 1985 Jul;26(3):413-23. doi: 10.1080/00071668508416830.
The effects of air movement upon sensible heat loss from individual birds at ambient temperatures of 20 degrees and 30 degrees C were determined by partitional calorimetry using a newly developed wind tunnel calorimeter. The relationship between area specific convective heat loss (W/m2) and air velocity (in the range 0.3 to 1.05 m/s) was described by y = 56.5 + 16.9 log x at an air temperature of 20 degrees C, but at 30 degrees C convective heat loss increased linearly with air speed (y = 11.8 + 40.1 x). At 20 degrees C sensible heat exchange (W/m2) was related to air velocity by y = 70.6 exp (0.099 x) and by y = 41.4 + 25.9 x at 30 degrees C, the proportional increase with air speed being greater at the higher temperature. The differences in the effects of air movement on convective cooling and sensible heat loss at 20 degrees and 30 degrees C reflect the thermoregulatory responses of the birds, induced by the thermal demands of the environment.
利用新开发的风洞热量计，通过分区量热法测定了在20摄氏度和30摄氏度环境温度下，空气流动对单只鸟类显热损失的影响。在20摄氏度的气温下，面积比对流热损失（瓦/平方米）与风速（在0.3至1.05米/秒范围内）的关系为y = 56.5 + 16.9 log x，但在30摄氏度时，对流热损失随风速呈线性增加（y = 11.8 + 40.1 x）。在20摄氏度时，显热交换（瓦/平方米）与风速的关系为y = 70.6 exp (0.099 x)，在30摄氏度时为y = 41.4 + 25.9 x，在较高温度下，随风速的比例增加更大。20摄氏度和30摄氏度时空气流动对对流冷却和显热损失影响的差异反映了鸟类的体温调节反应，这是由环境的热需求引起的。
