Bayne B L, Moore M N, Widdows J, Livingstone D R, Salkeld P
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 1979 Aug 8;286(1015):563-81. doi: 10.1098/rstb.1979.0046.
Certain physiological differences between individuals in different populations of the mussel, Mytilus edulis, are described. In particular, the scope for growth differs in space and time and may be used to assess the animals' physiological condition. When the required measurements are made in the field, the rates of growth predicted from the physiological data agree well with observed rates of growth. An alternative approach utilizes mussels transplanted to various waters, with indices of condition then measured in then measured in the laboratory under standard conditions; an example of this approach is illustrated. Laboratory experiments are used to equate various levels of physiological condition with fecundity, in an attempt to equate physiological effects on the individual with likely population damage. A cytochemical index of stress is described, based on the latency of lysosomal enzymes; spatial variability in this index, and its relation with the scope for growth, are discussed. Finally, the results of some experiments on the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on mussels are described and the presence of inducible activity of NADPH-dependent tetrazolium reductase in the blood cells is demonstrated. Certain considerations that apply in adopting similar measurements of biological effects of pollution in environmental monitoring programmes are discussed.
描述了贻贝不同种群个体之间的某些生理差异。特别是，生长范围在空间和时间上有所不同，可用于评估动物的生理状况。当在野外进行所需测量时，根据生理数据预测的生长速率与观察到的生长速率吻合良好。另一种方法是利用移植到不同水域的贻贝，然后在标准条件下在实验室测量其状况指数；文中给出了这种方法的一个示例。通过实验室实验将不同水平的生理状况与繁殖力等同起来，试图将对个体的生理影响与可能对种群造成的损害联系起来。描述了一种基于溶酶体酶潜伏期的应激细胞化学指数，讨论了该指数的空间变异性及其与生长范围的关系。最后，描述了一些关于石油烃对贻贝影响的实验结果，并证明血细胞中存在依赖于NADPH的四唑还原酶的诱导活性。讨论了在环境监测计划中采用类似污染生物效应测量方法时的一些注意事项。
