Faria Vinicius S, McManus Laura, O'Hagan Anna Donnla, Egan Brendan
School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin D09 V209, Ireland.
School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City University, Dublin D09 V209, Ireland; Florida Institute of Human and Machine Cognition, Pensacola, FL 32502, USA.
J Sport Health Sci. 2025 Apr 23;14:101044. doi: 10.1016/j.jshs.2025.101044.
Exercise has positive impacts on metabolic health, whereas sleep loss has potentially negative impacts. This systematic literature review investigates whether acute and short-term exercise interventions can mitigate negative effects of experimentally-induced sleep loss on metabolic markers in humans.
A systematic search (PubMed/Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, SPORTDiscus, and Cochrane) following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines was conducted up to June 2024 for studies that compared glucose and insulin concentrations, insulin sensitivity, skeletal muscle gene expression, and other molecular markers following an acute or short-term (<14 days) exercise intervention during experimentally-induced sleep loss in adult humans. Articles were considered for inclusion and assessed for eligibility using the Population, Intervention, Comparison, Outcomes, and Study design (PICOS) framework, and critically appraised with the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2.0 tool.
Of the identified records, 4026 records were screened, with 12 studies meeting all the inclusion criteria and including 177 participants. Sleep intervention varied from a single night of total sleep deprivation to 5 consecutive nights of 4-h sleep opportunity (e.g., early or late sleep restriction), while exercise intervention varied in terms of model (walking/running, cycling, and resistance exercise), volume (e.g., minute to hour), and intensity (e.g., maximum efforts to low-intensity exercise). Most studies indicated a negative effect of insufficient sleep on glucose and insulin concentration as well as mitochondrial adaptations, whereas exercise had a positive impact, mitigating the negative effects on the aforementioned parameters.
Exercise is likely to be effective as a therapeutic intervention for mitigating the negative effects of sleep loss on metabolic markers, at least in short-term intervention studies.
运动对代谢健康有积极影响，而睡眠不足则可能产生负面影响。本系统文献综述调查了急性和短期运动干预是否可以减轻实验性诱导的睡眠不足对人体代谢标志物的负面影响。
按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目2020指南，截至2024年6月，在PubMed/Medline、Web of Science、Scopus、Embase、SPORTDiscus和Cochrane中进行系统检索，以查找比较成年人类在实验性诱导睡眠不足期间进行急性或短期（<14天）运动干预后葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度、胰岛素敏感性、骨骼肌基因表达及其他分子标志物的研究。使用人群、干预措施、对照、结局和研究设计（PICOS）框架考虑纳入文章并评估其 eligibility，并用Cochrane偏倚风险2.0工具进行严格评价。
在检索到的记录中，筛选了4026条记录，12项研究符合所有纳入标准，共纳入177名参与者。睡眠干预从单晚完全睡眠剥夺到连续5晚每晚4小时睡眠机会（如早睡或晚睡限制）不等，而运动干预在模式（步行/跑步、骑自行车和抗阻运动）、量（如分钟到小时）和强度（如最大努力到低强度运动）方面各不相同。大多数研究表明睡眠不足对葡萄糖和胰岛素浓度以及线粒体适应性有负面影响，而运动有积极影响，减轻了对上述参数的负面影响。
至少在短期干预研究中，运动可能作为一种治疗干预措施有效减轻睡眠不足对代谢标志物的负面影响。
