Zhu Liting, Xu Qing, Yuan Jing, Li Zhanfeng, Wang Rui, Jiang Aimin
Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Shunyi Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Shunyi Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
BMJ Open. 2025 Apr 25;15(4):e094342. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-094342.
To estimate the associations between refraction and ocular biometry of preschool children (3-6 years old) in Shunyi District, Beijing.
Cross-sectional study.
This study was conducted in 11 kindergartens in Shunyi District, Beijing.
A total of 1186 Chinese children aged 3-6 years old without any history of Down's syndrome, epilepsy, history of ophthalmologic surgery and other psychiatric disorders were selected.
Children who were unable to cooperate with the examination. 1141 preschoolers completed the examination. 555 subjects (48.6%) were boys and 586 subjects (51.4%) were girls. Cycloplegic refraction, axial length (AL), anterior chamber depth (ACD) and corneal radius (CR) were measured for all children. AL-to-CR ratio, lens power (LP) and spherical equivalent (SE) were calculated. Those children were divided according to SE into three groups: hyperopia group, premyopia group and myopia group.
None.
Refraction and ocular biometric parameters.
The prevalence of myopia, premyopia and hyperopia was 2.7% (95% CI 1.8% to 3.7%), 27.3% (95% CI 24.7% to 29.8%) and 70.0% (95% CI 67.4% to 72.7%), respectively. The mean SE was (1.15±0.76) D, and the refraction in the premyopia group was about 1 D lower than in the hyperopic one. The mean AL, ACD, CR, AL/CR and LP were 22.28±0.67 mm, 3.33±0.67 mm, 7.74±0.25 mm, 2.88±0.06 and 25.62±1.46 D, respectively. Differences in AL, ACD, AL/CR and LP among different age groups were statistically significant. Premyopic children had longer eyes, greater ACDs and higher AL/CR ratio than hyperopic children. SE was negatively correlated with AL, ACD, AL/CR and LP.
The most common refractive status of children aged 3-6 years in Shunyi District, Beijing, was hyperopia. The prevalence of premyopia was by no means low. Understanding the refractive status of preschoolers and associations between ocular biometric parameters and refraction might be helpful in providing more effective prevention before the onset of myopia.
评估北京顺义区学龄前儿童（3至6岁）的屈光状态与眼生物测量参数之间的关联。
横断面研究。
本研究在北京顺义区的11所幼儿园开展。
共选取1186名3至6岁、无唐氏综合征、癫痫、眼科手术史及其他精神疾病史的中国儿童。
无法配合检查的儿童。1141名学龄前儿童完成了检查。其中555名受试者（48.6%）为男孩，586名受试者（51.4%）为女孩。测量了所有儿童的睫状肌麻痹验光、眼轴长度（AL）、前房深度（ACD）和角膜曲率半径（CR）。计算了AL与CR的比值、晶状体屈光力（LP）和等效球镜度（SE）。根据SE将这些儿童分为三组：远视组、近视前期组和近视组。
无。
屈光状态和眼生物测量参数。
近视、近视前期和远视的患病率分别为2.7%（95%CI 1.8%至3.7%）、27.3%（95%CI 24.7%至29.8%）和70.0%（95%CI 67.4%至72.7%）。平均SE为（1.15±0.76）D，近视前期组的屈光度数比远视组低约1D。平均AL、ACD、CR、AL/CR和LP分别为22. .28±0.67 mm、3.33±0.67 mm、7.74±0.25 mm、2.88±0.06和25.62±1.46 D。不同年龄组之间的AL、ACD、AL/CR和LP差异具有统计学意义。近视前期儿童的眼轴比远视儿童更长，前房更深，AL/CR比值更高。SE与AL、ACD、AL/CR和LP呈负相关。
北京顺义区3至6岁儿童最常见的屈光状态是远视。近视前期的患病率并不低。了解学龄前儿童的屈光状态以及眼生物测量参数与屈光之间的关联可能有助于在近视发病前提供更有效的预防措施。
